中国华东区涉猛禽案件的时空规律

Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Raptor Poaching Cases in East China

为了解华东区涉猛禽案的时空规律,分析其发展趋势。统计国家林业局森林公安司法鉴定中心存档的2011至2018年间华东区涉猛禽案的鉴定报告,整理涉案信息数据库。利用Excel2016和ArcGIS10.2进行案件的时空规律描述性分析。共统计华东区涉案猛禽35种,涉及个体530只,涉案179次,分别占全国同期总涉案猛禽个体数的40.5%,猛禽类总案件量的37.8%。涉案个体和涉案次数均达9以上的9个常涉案物种均属于国家Ⅱ级保护野生动物。近8年的案件数、物种数和个体数均呈逐年上升趋势,以春季和秋冬季为案件高发期。华东区中江苏和浙江的案件数及物种数均超过安徽和山东,涉案地点集中在省界、主要公路和铁路沿线。建议将华东区两省交界处作为猛禽保护的重点监管区域,尤其在春季和秋冬季加大水陆交通的监管力度。

The illegal trade in wild animals has caused great damage to wildlife resources in China.By analyzing the temporal and spatial characteristics of 179 raptor poaching cases from 2011 to 2018 in east China(37.8%of the total raptor poaching cases in the same period of China),we could understand the development trend of the cases.In this study,we obtained the data set of species,the number of individuals,time and location through the statistics of judicial appraisal cases in the archives of State Forestry Administration Forest Public Security Judicial Identification Center.Excel 2016 and ArcGIS10.2 were used to carry out descriptive analysis of spatiotemporal characteristics of the cases.35 species were involved,with a total of 530 individuals,accounting for 40.5%of the total raptor poaching individuals in China(Table 1).Nine species were the most poached(individual and case number≥9),all of which were nationalⅡkey protected wild animals.In the past 8 years,the number of cases,species and individuals showed an increasing trend year by year.Spring,autumn and winter were the periods of high incidence of cases(Fig.1).Jiangsu(23 species,69 cases,50 sites)and Zhejiang province(21 species,66 cases,31 sites)had more cases than Anhui(15 species,23 cases,16 sites)and Shandong province(13 species,21 cases,7 sites)(Fig.2).The cases were concentrated at the provincial boundaries(82 cases),particularly close to main roads(83 cases)and railways(70 cases).We suggest that the border of two provinces should be taken as the key monitoring areas of raptor protection,by strengthening the supervision of road and water transportation,especially in spring,autumn and winter.