数字战略背景下瑞典义务教育阶段媒介信息素养政策变革

An Analysis on Media and Information Literacy Education Policy in Compulsory Education in Sweden from the Perspective of Digital Strategy

瑞典政府重视数字创新在国家和社会发展中的作用,于2017年实施"数字战略"。为提升瑞典国民的数字创新能力,瑞典教育部门将媒介信息素养教育融入义务教育阶段的课程大纲,不断深化瑞典教育领域改革,以适应国家经济社会发展需要。瑞典媒介信息素养教育可追溯到20世纪60年代,经历了强调培养学生媒介批判能力、注重培养学生媒介鉴赏能力和媒介参与意识、注重数字化社会公民培养等阶段。瑞典义务教育阶段媒介信息素养教育政策以民主价值观和平等教育观为原则,其政策的制定以国家创新战略为导向,与瑞典文化政策、传媒政策密切联系,服务于瑞典经济社会发展,强调政府部门、媒体机构和各类社会组织合作参与媒介信息素养教育。

Digital creativity is considered of vital importance in economic and social development in Sweden,and the government initiated "The Digital Strategy" in 2017 to enhance national competitiveness.Media and information literacy (MIL) education in Sweden plays an important role in cultivating digital competence of citizens,and it is integrated into the syllabi of compulsory education.Media and information literacy education’s evolution in Sweden can be traced back to 1960s.It is observed that there are three periods in the history of the evolution of MIL,namely,the period of emphasizing nurturing critical ability of media,the period of fostering the ability of media appreciation and participation,and the period of cultivating citizens in the digitalized society.Based on the principle of democratic values and equality in education,MIL policy making is guided by the national innovation goals,adapts to the culture policy and media policy in Sweden,and contributes to the economic and social development of Sweden.MIL policies arealso favorable for the Swedish government agencies,media industries,and various organizations to actively participate in MIL education as a complementary to the compulsory education to serve Digital Strategy in Sweden.