我国空巢老人门诊及住院服务利用现状及影响因素分析

Status and influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient service utilization among empty-nest aging population in China

目的了解我国空巢老人门诊及住院服务利用现状及影响因素,提出相关建议。方法利用中国健康与养老追踪调查(CHARLS)2015年的数据,对我国3918名60岁及以上空巢老人的门诊及住院服务利用现状进行分析,采用logistic回归模型分析影响因素。结果空巢老人4周就诊率为20.80%,1年住院率为18.20%。logistic回归结果显示:年龄、患慢性病数量、自评健康状况、抑郁程度与社会活动参与度是门诊服务利用的影响因素,年龄、患慢性病数量、自评健康状况、日常生活自理能力、子女经济支持与医疗保险是住院服务利用的影响因素。结论空巢老人的4周就诊率略低于一般老年人,而其1年住院率高于一般老年人,且空巢老人可能存在医疗服务利用不足现象,医疗服务利用的影响因素较复杂,需要进一步研究。

Objective To examine the status quo and influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient service utilization among empty-nest aging population in China and to provide reference for future research.Methods A total of 3918 empty-nest elderlies aged 60 and above were extracted from the database of China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study which was conducted in 2015.Multivariate logistic regression was performed to analyze the influencing factors of outpatient and inpatient services utilization.Results The four-week outpatient visit rate and the one-year hospitalization rate in empty-nest aging population was 20.80%and 18.20%respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that age,chronic diseases,self-rated health status,depression status and social activities were the factors influencing the four-week outpatient visit rate.Age,chronic disease,self-rated health status,activity of daily living,economic support from children and medical insurance were the factors influencing the one-year hospitalization rate.Conclusions The four-week outpatient visit rate of empty-nest aging population in China was slightly lower than that of elderlies at large,the one-year hospitalization rate of empty-nest aging population was higher than that of elderlies at large,and the level of medical utilities by empty-nest aging population may be insufficient and its influencing factors are generally complicated,calling for further study.