新疆农牧区哈萨克族初中生体力活动状况及家庭影响因素

Status of physical activity and family factors of Kazak junior high school students in Xinjiang farming and pastoral areas

目的了解新疆农牧区哈萨克族初中生体力活动状况及其家庭因素对体力活动的影响,为提高农牧区哈萨克族儿童青少年体力活动水平提供支持。方法2016年4-6月在新疆阿勒泰农牧区分层整群抽取8所初中学校的初一、初二和初三年级2612名哈萨克族初中学生进行问卷调查,分析家庭因素对体力活动的影响。结果新疆农牧区哈萨克族初中生体力活动达标比例为75.00%(1959人)。每周选择积极交通方式出行的天数为(4.46±2.12)天,每周上体育课的次数为(2.89±1.12)次。不同性别、年级、留守情况、住校情况、家庭每月收入、家庭人数、家庭居住方式、监护人、监护人学历及监护人提醒锻炼的初中生体力活动达标比例差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。监护人的家庭收入、家庭居住方式、监护人体力活动及监护人提醒锻炼是哈萨克族初中生体力活动达标的保护性因素;监护人为父亲(OR=0.71,P<0.05)、家庭人数≥6人(OR=0.68,P<0.05)是危险性因素。结论提高监护人锻炼意识和对体力活动的认知,积极发挥模范带头作用,将有利于哈萨克族初中生体力活动水平的提高。

Objective To understand the status of physical activity of Kazak junior high school students in Xinjiang farming and pastoral areas,explore the influence of family factors on physical activity,and provide support for improving the physical activity level of Kazakh children and adolescents in farming and pastoral areas.Methods From April to June 2016,a total of 2612 Kazak junior high school students from the first,second and third grades of eight junior high schools were selected from the Altay Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Division in Xinjiang to conduct a questionnaire survey,to analyze influences of family factors on physical activity.Results The proportion of Kazak junior high school students in Xinjiang farming and pastoral areas,who reached the standard of physical activity,was 75.00%(1959 students).The number of days of active transportation was(4.46±2.12)days per week,and the number of physical education classes per week was(2.89±1.12)times.There were statistically significant differences in the proportions of junior high school students with qualified physical activity among different groups in gender,grade,staying status,school occupancy,family monthly income,family size,family living style,guardian,guardian’s education,and exercise reminder from guardian(all P<0.01).The guardian’s family income,family living style,guardian’s physical activity and exercise reminder from guardian were protective factors for the qualified physical activity of Kazakh junior high school students.The guardian is father(OR=0.71,P<0.05),and the family number is 6 or more(OR=0.68,P<0.05)were the risk factors.Conclusion Improving the guardian’s awareness of exercise and understanding of physical activity,and actively playing the role of model leadership,will be conducive to the improvement of the level of physical activity of Kazak junior high school students.