秦皇岛市某卫生学校护生健康素养状况及影响因素

Health literacy status and influencing factors among nursing students in a medical school of Qinhuangdao City

目的了解秦皇岛市某卫生学校(卫校)护生健康素养水平及相关影响因素,为有针对性地进行护生健康素养干预提供参考依据。方法2017年6月,采用卫生部编制的中国居民健康素养调查问卷对秦皇岛某卫校2047名护生进行问卷调查,并对数据进行分析。结果卫校护生健康素养具备率为22.8%(466人)。健康知识与理念、健康生活方式与行为和健康技能的具备率分别为45.9%(940人)、24.3%(498人)和19.4%(397人)。科学健康观、传染病预防、慢性病预防、安全与急救、基本医疗、信息获取具备率分别为55.1%(1127人)、43.6%(893人)、41.1%(841人)、67.1%(1374人)、13.0%(266人)、33.4%(684人)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,性别、专业层次和年龄是影响总体健康素养水平的因素,OR(95%CI)分别为2.043(1.187~3.515)、1.619(1.483~1.766)和0.490(0.376~0.638)。结论秦皇岛市护生整体健康素养水平较低,学校应开展有针对性的健康教育干预,以提高护生健康素养水平,重点人群是男生、低年龄和"3+2"高职的护生。

Objective To understand health literacy levels and related influencing factors among nursing students in a medical school of Qinhuangdao City,provide reference for targeted intervention of health literacy of nursing students.Methods In June2017,a questionnaire survey was conducted among 2047 nursing students in a medical school of Qinhuangdao City by using the questionnaire of Health Literacy Questionnaire for Chinese Residents designed by China Health Education Center.And the data were analyzed.Results The rate of nursing students have health literacy was 22.8%(466 students).The holding rate of basic knowledge and concepts of health,healthy lifestyles and behavior,and health literacy skills was 45.9%(940 students),24.3%(498 students)and 19.4%(397 students),respectively.The holding rate of scientific health concept literacy,infectious disease control literacy,chronic disease prevention literacy,safety and emergency literacy,basic medical literacy,and health information acquisition was 55.1%(1127 students),43.6%(893 students),41.1%(841 students),67.1%(1374 students),13.0%(266 students)and 33.4%(684 students),respectively.Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the influencing factors of health literacy scores included sex,professional level and age,which OR(95%CI)was 2.043(1.187-3.515),1.619(1.483-1.766)and0.490(0.376-0.638),respectively.Conclusion The overall health literacy level of nursing students in Qinhuangdao City is low.Schools should carry out targeted health education interventions to improve the health literacy level of nursing students,with the key groups of male,low-age and"3+2"higher vocational nursing students.