不同年龄段哮喘儿童中医体质分型研究

Study on TCM Constitution Types of Asthmatic Children of Different Ages

目的:分析不同年龄段哮喘儿童的中医体质分型。方法:选择130例3~14岁的哮喘儿童为研究对象,问卷调查其生活习惯、饮食习惯、形体特征、性格特征、适应能力、体质表现、发病倾向、家庭情况等,并进行统计分析,同时参照《中医病证诊断疗效标准》《中医体质分类与判定》判定体质类型。结果:3~14岁哮喘患儿的中医体质分型主要包括平和质、气虚质、阳虚质、特禀质、痰湿质、瘀血质、阴虚质等7种类型,其中气虚质是哮喘儿童最常见的体质类型。3~6岁和7~10岁体质为气虚质的哮喘儿童中医体质分型以气虚兼特禀质占比最多(分别为33.33%、40.48%),而11~14岁的哮喘儿童中医体质分型以气虚兼痰湿质占比最多(58.06%)。结论:不同年龄段哮喘儿童的体质分型有一定差异,以气虚质为多见,临证时可根据不同年龄儿童的体质分型,给予针对性治疗以提高疗效。

Objective:To analyze TCM constitution types of asthmatic children of different ages.Methods:A total of 130 asthmatic children aged between 3 and 14 years old were selected as the research objects,and their living habits,eating habits,physical characteristics,personality characteristics,adaptability,physical performance,disease tendency,family conditions,etc.were investigated by questionnaire,and statistical analysis was carried out.At the same time,the type of physical constitution was determined by referring to The standard for Diagnosis and Curative Effect of Disease Syndromes of TCM and Types and Judgment of Constitution of TCM.Results:There were seven types of TCM constitution of asthmatic children aged between 3 and 14 years old,which were mainly composed of mild constitution,qi deficiency constitution,yang deficiency constitution,special constitution,phlegm dampness constitution,blood stasis constitution,and yin deficiency constitution.Qi deficiency is the most common constitution type of asthmatic children.The proportion of qi deficiency plus special constitution of asthmatic children aged 3-6 and 7-10 was the most(33.33%and 40.48%respectively),while the proportion of TCM constitution type of asthmatic children with qi deficiency plus phlegm dampness aged 11-14 was the most(58.06%).Conclusion:There are some differences in the physical types of children with asthma of different ages.Most of them have qi deficiency constitution,which should be treated according to the physical types of children of different ages in order to improve efficacy.