集体林区农户生计资本对其收入的影响研究——基于公益林和商品林农户的实证对比

Impact of livelihood capitals on farmers’ income in collective forest areas

基于集体林区654户农户家庭调查数据,采用熵值法对指标赋权基础上测算了公益林和商品林经营农户的生计资本状况,并运用多元回归分析实证检验了生计资本要素对两林业类型农户收入的影响。结果表明:1)商品林区农户生计资本总值大于公益林区农户生计资本总值。2)集体林区农户的收入满意度均不高,且一般满意度和不满意度存在较大的差异。3)人力资本、物质资本、金融资本和社会资本对集体林区两林业类型农户的收入均具有显著影响,自然资本对商品林经营农户收入具有显著作用,而对公益林经营农户收入作用不显著。受教育程度、是否加入合作社、劳动力数量、林地面积、家庭住房价值、家庭总收入和社会关系网络对商品林区农户收入具有显著促进作用;年龄、受教育程度、是否兼业、家庭农用机械数量、家庭总收入和社会关系网络对公益林区农户收入具有显著促进作用。此外,林业政策认知对农户收入也具有影响。

Based on the household survey data of 654 households in collective forest areas,we calculated the livelihood capitals of the farmers who are managing public welfare forest and commercial forest by the entropy method,and used multiple regression analysis to empirically test the impact of livelihood capitals on the income of two types of farmers.The results show that:1)Total value of livelihood capital of farmers who managing commodity forest is greater than that who managing public welfare forest.2)The income satisfaction of farmers in collective forest area is not high,and there is a big difference between general satisfaction and dissatisfaction.3)Human capital,material capital,financial capital and social capital have significant impacts on the income of two types of farmers in collective forest areas,while natural capital has a significant effect on the income of farmers in commercial forest management,but not on the income of farmers in public forest management.The education level,whether to join the cooperative,the number of labor force,the area of forest land,the value of family housing,the total income of family and the social network play significant roles in promoting the income of farmers in the commodity forest areas.The age,the education level,whether to work concurrently,the number of family agricultural machinery,the total income of family and the social network play significant roles in promoting the income of farmers in the public forest areas.In addition,farmers’cognition of forestry policy also has an impact on their income.