蓖麻性别决定基因研究进展

Research Progress of Sex Determination Genes in Castor

蓖麻是一种具有经济利用价值较高的工业油料作物,其雌性系(雄性不育)是杂种优势利用的重要材料。但蓖麻花序性别表达复杂,雌性单株形成与性别决定的分子机制尚不明确。介绍了被子植物的性别决定机制,从蓖麻花器官的形态特征、性逆转、性别遗传规律及性别决定分子机制等方面进行分析总结,并指出蓖麻性别决定基因的挖掘是彻底解决其性别表达机制的关键;建议依托高通量测序技术对蓖麻性别决定基因实现精细定位,深入解析其雌性形成及性别决定的机制,可为蓖麻分子育种提供理论依据,以提高蓖麻雌性系的杂种优势利用率。

Castor is a kind of industrial oil crop with high economical value,and the pistillate lines(male sterility)are important materials for heterosis utilization.However,the sex expression models of inflorescence in castor is complex,and the molecular mechanisms of sex determination and the formation of pistillate lines in castor is not clear.This paper first introduces the sex determining mechanism of angiosperms,and analyzes and summarizes the morphological characteristics,sex reversal,sex genetic law and sex determining molecular mechanism of castor flower,points out that the mining of sex determining genes of castor is the key to thoroughly solve its gender expression mechanism.In the future,we expect to use high-throughput sequencing technology to fine-map sex-determining genes,deeply analyze the mechanism of female formation and sex determination of castor,effectively guide the molecular breeding of castor and improve the heterosis utilization of the pistillate lines of castor.