鲜食玉米引进品种适应性评价

Adaptability Evaluation of Introduced Fresh Corn Varieties

鲜食玉米适口性好、风味独特、富含人体所必需的多种营养成分,深受广大消费者喜爱。为筛选出适宜本地区种植的高产优质鲜食玉米品种,运用相关性和主成分分析等方法对引进的10个鲜食玉米品种主要农艺性状进行分析,综合评价其适应性、丰产性和品质。结果表明:参试的10个鲜食玉米品种按物候期分为早熟、中熟、晚熟三类,11个农艺性状中变异系数最大的是穗轴直径、穗直径和单穗鲜重,分别为18.11%、13.45%、9.25%,鲜穗产量和行粒数呈显著正相关(P<0.05),主成分分析中前3个主成分累积贡献率达85.421%。综合鲜穗产量和品质,筛选出的甜玉米品种为‘美珍206’、‘美珍204’、‘澳甜8210’,甜糯玉米品种为‘珍甜糯3号’、‘早甜糯70’,糯玉米品种为‘迪糯278’,筛选出的品种将进行推广种植。该研究为干旱半干旱地区主栽鲜食玉米品种的评价提供依据。

Fresh corn is of good palatability,unique flavor and rich in various nutrients necessary for human body,so it is popular among consumers.In order to select the high yield and high quality fresh corn varieties suitable for planting in the Dingxi area,the main agronomic traits of 10 introduced fresh corn varieties were analyzed using correlation analysis and principal component analysis.The results showed that the 10 fresh corn varieties were divided into early maturity,middle maturity and late maturity according to the phenology.The biggest coefficient of variation of 11 agronomic traits were cob diameter,ear diameter and fresh weight of single ear,which were 18.11%,13.45%and 9.25%,respectively.The fresh ear yield and row grain number were positively correlated(P<0.05).The cumulative contribution rate of the first three main components in the principal component analysis was 84.703%.Combined with fresh ear yield and quality,the selected sweet corn varieties were Meizhen206,Meizhen204 andAotian 8210;the sweet-waxy corn varieties were Zhentiannian3 and Zaotiannian70;the waxy corn variety was DiNuo278.The selected varieties will be popularized and planted.In conclusion,this study provided a basis for evaluation of main fresh corn varieties in arid and semi-arid areas.