开放教育环境下的数字徽章:设计维度与价值分析

Digital Badge in Open Education Environment:Design Dimension and Value Analysis

开放教育环境下的数字徽章作为一种新型数字认证方式具有便于携带、展示、存储等优势。文章通过对数字徽章概念、特点、与传统认证差异的梳理提出数字徽章设计的三个核心维度:学习项目设计、技术设计及社会因素,依托模块化设计方法及微认证运作体系构建数字徽章设计模型,对核心维度及其二级维度进行深入分析与阐述,并以美国加利福尼亚大学尔湾分校数字徽章为实例介绍了其在功能设计、能力及技能两个二级维度的设计理念,旨在为数字徽章设计作有益探索、为数字徽章项目设计提供有效的实施途径及可参考的设计原则。研究认为:开放教育环境下的数字徽章作为一种以能力为导向,面向学习者需求、促进学习者个性化发展的学习者专业发展范式,是证明学习者拥有特定能力的有效"证据";是开放教育的必然结果;数字徽章体现的正向激励性更加有利于学习效果的增强。

As a new type of digital authentication,digital badge in open education environment has the advantages of portability,display and storage.Through sorting out the concept,characteristics and differences between digital badge and traditional authentication,this paper proposes three core dimensions of digital badge design:learning project design,technical design and social factors,builds a digital badge design model based on the modular design method and micro-certification operation system,and makes an in-depth analysis and elaboration of the core dimension and its secondary dimensions.Then,taking Irvine's digital badge of University of California as an example,this paper introduces its design concept in the two secondary dimensions of function design,competencies and skills,so as to provide useful exploration for digital badge design,effective implementation methods and reference design principles for digital badge project design.The study concludes that digital badge in the open education environment is a professional development paradigm for learners that is competency-based,oriented to learners'needs and promotes learners'personalized development.It is the effective"evidence"to prove that learners have specific competencies,and the inevitable result of open education as well.The positive motivation reflected by digital badge is more conducive to the enhancement of learning effect.