从“偶像崇拜”到“礼拜式文学”——论辛西娅·欧芝克的反偶像书写

From Idolatry to Liturgical Literature:On Cynthia Ozick’s Anti-idolatry Writing

“反偶像戒律”是犹太精神信仰的核心,也是犹太特性的集中体现,其不仅指涉犹太“一神”信仰的传统,更强调了犹太民族的精神独立与文化自信。随着全球化的推进和文化的交流融合,如何坚守“反偶像”传统,建构具有民族特色的话语体系成为犹太作家关注的焦点。美国犹太作家辛西娅·欧芝克率先将反对偶像崇拜带入文学实践,不仅对实体偶像展开批判,更对反偶像戒律与文学创作活动之关系进行了深刻思考,提出了“文学是偶像”的论断和“礼拜式文学”的书写理念,其独具特色的批评及创作实践引领了当下美国犹太文学的新方向。

“Anti-idolatry commandment”is the core of Jewish value as well as the embodiment of Jewish spirits.It not only refers to the tradition of Jewish monotheism,but also emphasizes the spiritual independence and cultural confidence of the Jewish ethnicity.In the time of globalization and cultural exchanges,adhering to the“anti-idolatry”tradition and constructing Jewish discourse have become the focus of Jewish writers.Cynthia Ozick took the lead in bringing anti-idolatry into literary practice.She not only criticizes the idol entities,but also explores idols in literature.She puts forward the claim that“literature is an idol”,together with the idea of“liturgical literature”.Her unique criticism and practice provide a new direction for Jewish American literature.