2017-2018年宁波地区下呼吸道感染患儿的肺炎支原体及病原菌流行病学调查分析

Epidemiological survey of mycoplasma pneumoniae and pathogenic bacteria in children with lower respiratory tract infection in Ningbo from 2017 to 2018

目的了解宁波地区2017-2018年下呼吸道感染(lower respiratory tract infection,LRTI)患儿的肺炎支原体(mycoplasma pneumoniae,MP)及病原菌感染情况,为本地区LRTI患儿临床管理经验性治疗及预防提供参考。方法对2017-2018年宁波地区因LRTI住院患儿行肺炎支原体抗体(MP-Ab)及病原菌检测。结果共检测121例LRTI患儿,检出MP阳性患儿44例,检出率为36. 36%,其中婴儿21例(32. 30%),幼儿15例(34. 09%),儿童8例(66. 67%),各年龄段检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=5. 322,P=0. 021)。病原菌阳性检出率最多的前3位依次为大肠埃希杆菌(30. 58%)、肺炎链球菌(23. 14%)、肺炎克雷伯杆菌(12. 40%),其中大肠埃希杆菌、肺炎链球菌在各年龄段的病原菌阳性检出率差异有统计学意义(χ^2=4. 256、9. 099,均P<0. 05)。结论宁波地区2017-2018年LRTI患病儿童病原体主要为MP,LRTI患病婴儿病原体主要为大肠埃希杆菌与肺炎链球菌。

Objective To investigate the infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae(MP)and pathogenic bacteria in children with lower respiratory tract infection(LRTI)in Ningbo from 2017 to 2018,and to provide reference for the clinical management and prevention of LRTI children.Methods Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody(MP-Ab)and pathogenic bacteria were detected in children hospitalized for LRTI from 2017 to 2018 in Ningbo.Results A total of 121 children with LRTI were detected,44 of them were MP positive,the detection rate was 36.36%,21 of them were infants(32.30%),15 of them were young children(34.09%),8 of them were children(66.67%).There was significant difference in the detection rate of different age groups(χ^2=5.322,P=0.021).The top three positive rates of pathogenic bacteria were Escherichia coli(30.58%),Streptococcus pneumoniae(23.14%),Klebsiella pneumoniae(12.40%),among which the positive rates of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae were statistically significant in different ages(χ^2=4.256,9.099;all P<0.05).Conclusions MP was the main pathogen in children with LRTI from 2017 to 2018 in Ningbo,and Escherichia coli and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the main pathogens in infants with LRTI.