国内楔横轧技术现状与发展趋势

Current situation and development trend of cross wedge rolling technology in China

楔横轧是轴类零件成形的先进技术,具有高效、节材、洁净、低噪、近净成形等优点,已成为国际上竞相研发并积极采用的先进技术。介绍了国内楔横轧技术的发展现状,包括楔横轧技术推广应用情况、楔横轧关键技术研发进展,指出了我国楔横轧技术总体处于国际先进水平,某些方面处于国际领先地位。对于疏松、中空等突出的楔横轧工艺缺陷已得到有效控制,解决了一次楔成形最大断面收缩率不超过75%的难题,提高了轧齐曲线的设计精确度,解决了窄台阶内直角精确成形问题,表面螺旋痕得到改善或控制,提高了楔横轧产品精度及材料利用率。最后,指出了自动、快速换装模具,多楔同步轧制长轴,无人化、智能化等是楔横轧行业亟待解决的问题。

Cross wedge rolling is an advanced technology for forming shaft parts,which has the advantages of high efficiency,material saving,clean,low noise and near net forming,etc,and it has become an advanced technology that is developed and actively adopted in the world.Therefore,the development status of cross wedge rolling technology in China was introduced including the promotion and application of cross wedge rolling technology,and the research and development progress of its key technologies.It is pointed out that the technology of cross wedge rolling in China is generally at the international advanced level,and in some aspects it is at the international leading position.Furthermore,the defects in the process of cross wedge rolling such as loose and hellow were effectively controlled,the problem that the maximum cross-sectional reduction in one-time wedge forming was not exceed 75%was solved,the design accuracy of rolling curve was improved,the problem of precise forming for right angle in narrow step was solved,the surface helix was improved or cntrolled,and the product precision and material utilization rate of cross wedge rolling were improved.Finally,some problems in cross wedge rolling industry such as automatic and rapid die changing,multi-wedge synchronous rolling of long shaft,unmanned and intelligent were pointed out.