科学主导型公共政策的公众参与:逻辑、表征与机制

Public Participation in Science-oriented Public Policy:Logic,Representation and Mechanism

公众参与是确保公共政策科学性和权威性的基石,但对于不同类型的公共政策,公众参与决策的空间和方式也各有不同。科学主导型公共政策制定中,政府官员和官方智库专家构成决策主体,而公众中的一部分个体因具备相关领域的专业知识可以获得参与决策的话语空间,其意见和建议的专业性及普通公众价值诉求的多样性能够促进决策的科学性,凸显公众参与的必要性。论文揭示了公众参与科学主导型公共政策的逻辑、表征与机制,并以《核安全法》为例,深入分析了公众参与政策过程的实现路径。本文认为,对于科学主导型公共政策,公众参与以公共利益为内在动力,以知识赋权为实践逻辑,以网络民意为表征形式,以辅助参与为行动机制,从而保障决策的科学性。

Public participation is the foundation to ensure the authority and scientificity of public policies,but there are different spaces and methods for public participation in different types of public policies.In science-oriented public policy,government officials and experts from the official think tank constitute the main subject of decision-making,while some individuals of the public can obtain the discourse space to participate in decision-making because of their expertise in related fields.Their professional opinions and the diversity of the public’s value pursuit can promote the scientificity of decision-making,and highlight the necessity of public participation.This paper reveals the logic,representation and mechanism of public participation in science-oriented public policy.Taking the Nuclear Security Law as an example,it deeply analyzes the implementation model of the process of public participation on the Internet.For science-oriented public policy,public participation takes public interest as its internal motive force,knowledge empowerment as its practical logic,network public opinion as its representation and assistant participation as its action mechanism,so as to ensure the scientificity of decision-making.