在“男女”与“时代”之间——重论《金锁记》

Gender or Times——What’s Hidden in The Story of the Golden Cangue

历来对《金锁记》的研究偏于从“男女问题”的表象去解读,而“时代”才是理解张爱玲深层意识的关键词。在张爱玲《自己的文章》中,“时代”二字反复出现15次之多,饱含着她的辩解欲望。《金锁记》是张爱玲将“男女问题”借助家庭这一载体来表现“时代的梦魇”的典型文本,其创作动力很大程度上源于张爱玲对家庭阴影笼罩下产生的心理危机的克服。“澈底的人物”这一定位可以看作张爱玲对七巧形象的心诠——她未嫁时的“要强”和嘴头上的“琐碎”正是主体精神未被压制的表征,其“澈底性”是对“真”的执念。这既有她本性使然,也包含着成长过程中在被鄙夷和算计的环境里逼迫出或曰强化了的看透假面的能力。张爱玲的时代意识中有着极强的末世感,并通过书写不断沉沦的凡人世界来体现。

The studies of The Story of the Golden Cangue always tend to interpret the representation of male and female problems.The word“times”is the key word to understand Zhang Ailing’s deep consciousness.In Zhang Ailing’s“Own Article”,the word“times”appears 15 times,indicating her defense.The Story of the Golden Cangue is a typical text in which Zhang Ailing expresses the nightmare of the times based on the problems of gender,whose writing force is largely derived from Zhang Ailing’s overcoming of psychological crisis under the shadow of family.The setting of a thorough character can be regarded as Zhang Ailing’s illustration of Qiqiao’s image.Zhang Ailing has a strong sense of eschatology in her consciousness of the times,shown by her writing of the declining mortal world.