第一代大学生的学习特征差异分析

An analysis of the Differences in Learning Characteristics of the First-generation University Students

随着第一代大学生占在校大学生比例的不断增加,其学习特征已受到关注且逐步成为高等教育研究领域的热点。“中国大学生学习与发展追踪研究”的调查,以学习投入和学习诊断两个维度作为抓手,对地方工科高校第一代大学生的学习特征进行分析。数据显示,第一代大学生与非第一代大学生的学习特征各具优势。第一代大学生“阅读指定教材或参考书”以及“周均课外学习时间”等常规学习方面优于非第一代大学生,但在“挑战对问题的已有看法”、“从不同视角综合考虑问题”等高阶学习方面得分较低。建议提升第一代大学生深度学习的能力,密切关注第一代大学生生师互动的需求,从而灵活引导不同类型大学生的学习成长。这对于进一步提高人才的培养质量,深化高等教育的创新水平,促进高等教育的发展具有重要意义。

With the increasing proportion of the first-generation university students,their learning characteristics have been focused and gradually become a hot topic in the field of higher education research.The investigation of“China College Student Survey”stresses two dimensions of learning input and learning diagnosis,and analyzes the learning characteristics of the first-generation university students.The data shows that the learning characteristics of the first-generation and non first-generation students have their own advantages.The first-generation students are better than the non-first-generation students in“reading the designated textbook or reference book”and“weekly average extracurricular learning time”,but their scores in“challenging the existing views on the problem”and“considering the problem from different perspectives”are lower.It is advised to improve the ability of deep learning of the first-generation students and pay close attention to the needs of interaction between the first-generation students and their teachers.This is of great significance to further improve the quality of higher education.