论晚宋理学家对君臣观的学术建构与价值诠释——以真德秀为中心的考察

Late Song Neo-Confucians’Scholarly Reconstruction and Value Judgment of Sovereign-Minister Relationship:The Case of Zhen Dexiu

针对权臣擅政的痼疾,以真德秀为代表的晚宋理学家将"君为臣纲"的政治伦理贯彻在学术体系的建构中,进一步加速了理学由思想领域向政治领域的拓展。继承了先儒"正君而国定"的辅治宗旨,真德秀在以《大学》为框架建构帝王之学的同时,也以"正己""格君""谋国""用人"为纲目建构辅臣之学,从而形成了君臣之学双翼并行的经世理论体系。晚宋理学家通过对君臣观的价值诠释,大力弘扬"不谋功利"的道德准则和"以道相合"的政治理想,在引导意识形态、重塑价值观等方面发挥了重要的导向作用。真德秀对君臣之道的阐述彰显了儒家政治文化的核心精神,被历代为政者奉为政教之要,对后世产生了深远的影响。

The late Song’s neo-Confucians tried their best to implement the political ethics advocating sovereign’s predominance in their academic endeavors.Zhen Dexiu,for instance,formulated principles respecting sovereign and ministers in accordance with Great Learning.The Song neo-Confucians’endeavor played a guiding role in the reconstruction of ideology and value.Zhen’s principles were the embodiment of the core spirit of Confucian political culture and exerted deep and far-reaching influence on the Chinese history.