《中国文学史》韩愈“继承者和捍卫者”商榷——兼论韩愈之疑经

Discussion on“Han Yu as the Successor and Defender of Confucius and Mencius”and on Han Yu’s Doubt of Classics

袁行霈主编《中国文学史》第二卷《隋唐五代文学》认为韩愈“以孔孟之道的继承者和捍卫者自居”,这反映了韩愈尊经的一面,但忽略了韩愈对孔孟经学的质疑。韩愈认为孔孟以后的经学被杨墨污染,“秦火”使经书残缺不全,汉代以来的章句之学是非颠倒,并为佛老所污染,故韩愈皆疑之。在此基础上,他对《周易》《尚书》《春秋》《论语》《诗经》《尔雅》《孟子》等经书内容、作者、解经方式等予以质疑。韩愈的疑经,对开启后来的疑经思潮有重大意义。理清韩愈的疑经思想,有利于全面认识韩愈的思想与文学。

Literature of Sui,Tang and Five Dynasties,the second volume of History of Chinese Literature,edited by Yuan Xingpei,holds that Han Yu thought that he was the successor and defender of Confucius and Mencius,which reflected his respect of classics but ignored his doubt of Confucius and Mencius.Han Yu thought about that classics after Confucius and Mencius has been contaminated,“fire by the First Qin Emperor”made the scriptures incomplete,the study of chapters and sentences has been reversed,and which was contaminated by the Buddhism,so Han Yu doubted it.Based on the doubts,he questioned the contents,authors and ways of interpreting the classics such as The Book of Changes,Shangshu,ChunQiu,Analects of Confucius,The Books of Songs,Erya and Mencius.Han Yu’s doubt of classics is of great significance to the opening of the later trend of thought on doubting classics.Clarifying Han Yu's thought of doubting scriptures is conducive to a comprehensive understanding of Han Yu’s thought and literature.