引汉济渭工程水库生态调度方案研究

Study on Reservoir Ecological Operation Scheme of Hanjiang⁃to⁃Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project

引汉济渭工程是解决关中地区缺水问题的战略性调水工程,与南水北调中线工程的水源区部分重叠,开展生态调度研究保障河流生态环境用水,对维护工程水源区的生态环境可持续发展具有重要意义。在保证国家南水北调工程安全运行的前提下,分析引汉济渭工程水源区洪水资源利用可行性,在此基础上提出工程兼顾供水保证率目标的生态调度方案。研究认为,将三河口水库前期汛限水位抬高至643 m,且在保证三河口水库下游生态流量2.71 m^3/s时,引汉济渭工程受水区多年平均实际供水量为10.04亿m^3,供水保证率80.8%,可以显著提高下游河道生态基流满足程度,在典型枯水年、平水年和丰水年均可以使三河口下游河道生态基流满足程度达到97.5%,显著提升了工程的生态效益。

Hanjiang⁃to⁃Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project is a strategic water diversion project to solve the problem of water shortage in Guanzhong area.The water source area of South⁃to⁃North Water Diversion Project and Hanjiang⁃to⁃Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project is overlapped.It is of great significance to carry out ecological operation research to ensure the ecological flow of the river and main⁃tain the sustainable development of the ecological environment in the water source area of the project.On the premise of ensuring the safe op⁃eration of South⁃to⁃North Water Diversion Project,it was analyzed the feasibility of flood resources utilization in the water source area of Han⁃jiang⁃to⁃Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project and put forward the ecological operation scheme of the project taking into account the target of water supply guarantee rate,so as to provide technical support for the maximum excavation of the available water quantity in the wa⁃ter source area and the full play of the comprehensive benefits of water supply and ecology of the project.The research shows that raising the flood control level of Sanhekou Reservoir to 643 m in the early stage and ensuring the ecological flow of the downstream river of Sanhekou Reservoir at 2.71 m^3/s,average annual water supply of Hanjiang⁃to⁃Weihe River Valley Water Diversion Project is 1.004 billion m^3 and the water supply assurance rate is 80.8%,which can significantly improve the satisfaction degree of the ecological base flow in the downstream river.In the typical low flow year,normal flow year and high flow year,the satisfaction degree of the ecological base flow of the downstream river of Sanhekou Reservoir can reach over 97%,which significantly improves the ecological benefits of the project.