超高层建筑转换层的施工技术研究

Study on Construction Technology of Transfer Floor on Super High-rise Building

在超高层建筑中,转换层被广泛应用,用于解决不同楼层结构转换的问题,满足建筑空间利用最大化、建筑功能多样性的需求。为了探究荷载传递法施工时最为安全和经济的支撑结构层数,本文以某总层高为27层的新建商住两用超高层建筑为例,借助于ABAQUS有限元计算软件,对支撑结构、标准层楼板及梁等额受力情况进行了数值模拟研究。研究成果表明:第一,荷载传递法施工时,只要支撑体系不出现失稳破坏,其受力便与杆件的长度关系不大;第二,支撑层数分别为一层和两层时,对应的标准层下一层和下一层与下二层承受来自转换层的施工荷载,此时标准层板的最大拉应力超过设计值;而当支撑层数增加为三层时,转换层下方三层标准层均承受来自上方的施工荷载,且由上至下三层标准板的最大拉应力值分别为1.27 MPa、0.97 MPa和1.06 MPa,满足设计要求;第三,荷载传递法施工时采用三层支撑,结构整体的最大竖向位移值仅为2.29 mm,可以忽略不计,可见本工程采取三层支撑脚手架是可行的。本文研究成果对本工程及其类似的超高层建筑转换层施工过程中,支撑体系层数的合理选取具有非常重要的指导意义。

In super high-rise buildings,transfer floors are widely used to solve the problem of structural transformation of different floors,to meet the needs of maximizing the use of building space and diversity of building functions.In order to explore the most safe and economical supporting structure layers in the construction of load transfer method,Taking a new commercial and residential super high-rise building with a total floor height of 27 stories as an example,this paper makes a numerical simulation study on the equal stress of supporting structure,standard floor and beam with the help of ABAQUS finite element calculation software.The research results show that:firstly,in the construction of load transfer method,as long as the support system does not appear instability damage,its stress has little relationship with the length of the bar;Secondly,when the number of supporting stories is one and two stories respectively,the next and the second stories of the corresponding standard stories bear construction loads from the transfer stories,and the maximum tensile stress of the standard laminates exceeds the design value.When the number of supporting layers is increased to three layers,the three standard layers below the transfer floor all bear construction loads from above,and the maximum tensile stress values of the three standard plates from top to bottom are 1.27 MPa,0.97 MPa and 1.06 MPa,respectively,which meet the design requirements.Thirdly,the maximum vertical displacement of the whole structure is only 2.29 mm,which can be neglected.So it is feasible to adopt three-storey scaffolding in this project.The research results of this paper have very important guiding significance for the reasonable selection of supporting system layers in the construction process of this project and similar super high-rise buildings.