谈谈“女性/性别研究”的基础理论问题——对“女性本质主义”批判的批判

On the Fundamental Theoretical Issues of“Women/Gender Researches”

对本质主义的批判是后现代派的核心任务之一。西方女性主义追随后现代风潮对理性、客观性、本质、真理等范畴的解构以及对主体身份的否定,从根本上瓦解了女性主义自身存在的逻辑前提。自1990年代中期以来,后现代话语影响了整整一代中国女性学人,它造成的理论迷失至今没有得到必要的清算。本文从"本质论女性主义批判"入手,以地缘历史文化建构的性别制度为基础,论述了女性/性别研究领域中积累已久的基础理论问题。依照马克思主义基本原理,强调人类首先是隶属于自然界的,认识人类社会现象必须介意自然因素及其特有的地缘文化品质,吸纳和采用现代科学认识工具。

Criticism of essentialism is one of the core tasks of post modernists.The western feminism follows the trend of post-modernism to deconstructthe categories of rationality,objectivity,essence,truth and deny the identity of the subject,which fundamentally disintegrates the logical premise of the existence of feminism itself.Since the mid-1990s,postmodern discourse has influenced a whole generation of Chinese female scholars,and the theoretical loss caused by it has not been cleared up.Starting from the criticism of essentialist feminism and based on the gender system constructed by geo-historical culture,this paper discusses the long-standing basic theoretical issues in the field of women/gender research.According to the basic principles of Marxism,it is emphasized that human beings belong to nature first.To understand human social phenomena,we must pay attention to the natural factors and their unique geographical and cultural qualities,and absorb and adopt modern scientific cognitive tools.