本科生学业成绩的同伴效应研究

Peer Effects on Undergraduate Students' Academic Achievement

同伴在大学生发展中具有独特作用和重要价值,对学习态度、学习动机激发以及学习结果具有重要影响。通过对全国4461名本科生的调查分析发现,宿舍层面的同伴关系对本科生的学业表现兼具显著的正向与负向效应。班级层面的同伴互动对本科生课内外学习、个人探究、集体学习获益程度以及逃课和挂科影响显著,但实践中同伴互动存在不足。且同伴交往中的冲突对本科生不同维度学业表现影响存在差异。研究认为,应优化学生宿舍成员结构,鼓励同伴互动,促进同伴正向影响最大化。引导本科生保持适度合群与独立,充分利用同伴力量,营造支持学生发展的同伴学习氛围。

Peer groups play an important role in undergraduates'learning attitude,motivation and academic outcomes・Through the investigation and analysis of 4461 undergraduate students,this study found that the peer relationship at the dormitory level has both significant positive and negative effects on the academic performance of undergraduates.Peer interaction at the class level has a significant impact on undergraduate learning in class,extracurricular learning,individual exploration,group learning benefits,truancy and failure,but there are corresponding deficiencies in practice.Moreover,conflict in peer interaction has different effects on academic performance in different aspects.The research suggests that the structure of dormitory members should be optimized,and the peer interaction should be encouraged to maximize the positive influence of peers.Undergraduate students should be guided to maintain appropriate gregariousness and independence,and make full use of peer power to create a supportive peer learning atmosphere.