不同植被类型枯落物水源涵养功能的研究

Study on Water Conservation Function of Litter of Different Vegetation Types

森林枯落物层作为森林涵养水源的主体,在森林发挥水文生态功能中起到了重要的作用。森林植被的水文影响主要有调节气候、涵养水源、防风固沙、固土保肥以及环境保护,研究枯落物的水源涵养能力对森林水文的发展有重要意义。该文选择河北省塞罕坝机械林场为研究区域,以绣线菊灌丛、胡枝子灌丛、荆条灌丛和落叶松林4种不同植被类型为研究对象,林下枯落物的涵养水源功能主要表现在其吸持水的能力,用枯落物现存量及持水量来确定植被枯落物的水源涵养能力。结果显示:落叶松枯落物水源涵养能力较灌木林枯落物水源涵养能力强;荆条灌丛、胡枝子灌丛与绣线菊灌丛枯落物水源涵养能力有一定差异,从大到小依次为荆条灌丛、胡枝子灌丛、绣线菊灌丛。

As the main body of forest water conservation,forest litter layer plays an important role in the hydro-ecological function of forest.The hydrology of forest vegetation affects climate,water conservation,wind and sand control,soil and fertilizer conservation and environmental protection.Therefore,it is important to study the water conservation capacity of litter for the development of forest hydrology.This paper chooses Saihanba mechanical forest farm in Hebei Province as the research area,and takes Spiraea shrub,Lespedeza shrub,Vitex shrub and Larix gmelinii forest as the research objects.The water conservation function of litter under the forest is mainly reflected in its water absorption capacity.Therefore,the water conservation capacity of litter under the forest is determined by litter present stock and water holding capacity.The results showed that the water conservation function of Larch litter was better than that of shrub litter;there were some differences in water conservation function of the litter among the Thorn shrub,the Lespedeza shrub and the Spiraea shrub,and their functions were in the order of Thorn shrub,the Lespedeza shrub and the Spiraea shrub from big to small.