抑郁大学生自杀意念的影响因素:基于网络分析的视角

Influential factors of suicidal ideation in depressed college students:Based on the perspective of network analysis

目的:基于网络的视角探讨心理社会影响因素与抑郁大学生自杀意念的关系。方法:采用贝克抑郁自评量表、贝克自杀意念自评量表、贝克绝望量表、父母教养方式评价量表、冲动人格问卷和社会支持评定量表对筛查出的189名抑郁大学生进行调查。结果:最近一周的自杀意念影响因素中,有自杀意念的个体父亲情感温暖理解分(t=-2.267,P<0.05)和主观支持分(t=-1.990,P<0.05)显著低于无自杀意念的个体;最消沉时的自杀意念影响因素中,有自杀意念的个体抑郁总分(t=2.913,P<0.01)和父亲过度保护分(t=2.213,P<0.05)显著高于无自杀意念的个体。抑郁大学生最近一周与最消沉时自杀意念影响因素的网络模型既有相似又有所不同。父亲的情感温暖理解均是两个网络模型的中心节点。最近一周的自杀意念的产生主要与绝望感以及母亲的教养方式有直接的关系,而最消沉时的自杀意念的产生则主要与抑郁情绪、冲动性、父亲的过度保护以及主观支持有关。结论:影响抑郁大学生自杀意念的心理社会因素在不同时期存在不同特点,父亲情感温暖理解作为两个网络模型的中心节点,在整个网络中发挥重要作用。

Objective:From the perspective of network,this paper explores the relationship between psychosocial factors and suicidal ideation of depressed college students.Methods:Beck Depression Inventory(BDI-13),Beck Suicidal Ideation Scale(BSI),Beck Hopelessness Scale(BHS),Egna Minnen Barndoms Uppforstran(EMBU),Barratt Impulsiveness Scale(BIS-11),Social Support Rating Scale(SSRS)were used to survey 189 depressed college students.Results:Among the factors affecting suicidal ideation in the past week,the father’s emotional warming comprehension scores(t=-2.267,P<0.05)and subjective support scores(t=-1.990,P<0.05)of individual with suicidal ideation were significantly lower than those without suicidal ideation.Individuals among the factors affecting suicidal ideation at the time of depression,the total depression scores(t=2.913,P<0.01)and father’s excessive protection scores(t=2.213,P<0.05)of individuals with suicidal ideation were significantly higher than those without suicidal ideation individuals.Among the depressed college students,the network model of the factors affecting suicidal ideation in the past week and the most depressive time network model were similar but different.Father’s emotional warmth understanding had important significance in the two suicidal ideation network models.In the last week,the generation of suicidal ideation was directly related to the sense of despair and the way of mother’s upbringing.In the most depressed period,the generation of suicidal ideation was mainly related to depression,impulsivity,father’s over protection and subjective support.Conclusion:The psychosocial factors affecting the suicidal ideation of depressed college students have different characteristics in different periods.The father’s emotional warmth understanding is the central node of the two network models and should be paid special attention.