环状RNA生物学特性及其在胃癌中功能的研究进展

Progress on Biological Characteristics of Circular RNAs and Their Roles in Gastric Cancer

随着高通量测序技术的不断发展,环状RNA分子(circular RNA)以其独特的形成机制和不断发现的生物学功能依然是当下研究的热点分子。胃癌是我国主要的高发病率的消化道恶性肿瘤之一,其发生发展及恶性生物学行为机制方面的研究仍十分有限。本文通过复习近几年的研究文献,对环状RNA的形成分类、存在丰度及降解方式、进化的保守性和组织特异性等方面的新进展进行综述,分别在生物标志物、miRNA功能调节剂、顺式调控及反式作用、翻译功能及外泌体中的作用等方面对环状RNA在胃癌发生发展及侵袭转移等恶性生物学行为中的功能做详细综述。

With the continuous development of high-throughput sequencing techniques,circular Abstract:RNA(circRNA) is still the hot molecule in the current research due to its distinct mechanisms of formation and constantly discovered biological functions. Gastric cancer(GC) is one of the main digestive tract malignancy with high-incidence in China,but the researches on mechanisms of development and biological behavior of GC are still fairly limited. In this article we review the recent research progress of circular RNAs in terms of formation,classification,existing abundance,mode of degradation,evolutionary conservation and specificity;and also review the circRNAs in GC,focusing on the biomarker,biofunctional modulator of miRNA,cis-and trans-regulation,translation function of exosome,as well as its regulation of the development,invasion and metastasis biological behaviors of GC.