氧化石墨烯的化学还原方法与机理研究进展

Research progress in methods and mechanisms of chemical reduction graphene oxide

石墨烯物理性能优异,自被发现以来迅速引起了国内外研究者的广泛关注。石墨烯的批量生产是实现石墨烯材料应用的前提,由于氧化石墨烯具有丰富的含氧官能团,便于化学改性,生产成本低、可规模化生产,化学还原氧化石墨烯成为目前大批量制备石墨烯材料最常用的方法之一。至今已经有数十种化学还原氧化石墨烯的方法被报道,还原效果千差万别,还原机理也尚未定论。本文梳理了氧化石墨烯的主要化学还原方法,从关键反应基团的角度进行了归纳总结,论述了它们的优缺点;分析了多种氧化石墨烯的还原机理,提出氧化石墨烯化学还原的本质是羟基还原同时形成碳碳双键的过程。

The mass production of graphene sheets is a prerequisite for exploiting the applications of graphene.A major focus of experimental research has been concentrated on the development of effective approaches to produce well-defined graphene in large scale.Due to its high yield and cost efficiency,chemical reduction of graphene oxide has been proofed to be one of the most feasible approaches to achieve this goal.Graphene consists almost entirely of sp 2 hybridized carbon atoms,while graphene oxide additionally contains sp 3 regions,oxygen functional groups and structural defects.The fundamental understanding of the mechanism of chemical reduction of graphene oxide is a key issue when preparing graphene materials via graphene oxide precursor.Although dozens of methods have been exploited to facilitate the chemical reduction of graphene,only few studies were focused on the reduction mechanism.The chemical reduction strategies of graphene oxide,and as well as their mechanisms were reviewed in this paper.It was suggested that the core issue of the reduction is how to clarify the removal of hydroxyl groups and the simultaneous restoration of a conjugated structure.