高等教育普及化阶段美国大学公信力危机的应对

The Authoritative Crisis of American Universities During the Period of Popularization of Higher Education and Its Countermeasures

美国高等教育进入普及化阶段后曾面临因过度教育、学位贬值、公民教育淡化以及公众对高等教育公平质疑而引发的公信力危机。公信力危机不仅影响大学的形象与社会声誉,也影响了大学外部社会支持的获得,为此美国大学采取了加强自身管理及决策咨询研究,促进大学与公众沟通;倡导关注教学,复兴本科教育教学质量;积极推进道德与公民教育回归;多措并举推进高等教育机会公平等措施来重拾公众信任。美国做法为我国高等教育普及化后可能面临的公信力问题提供借鉴。

After entering the popularization stage,American higher education once faced a authoritative crisis caused by over-education,fading of civic education,and public criticism of higher education.The authoritative crisis not only affects the image and social reputation of the university,but also affects the external social support of the university.To this end,American universities have taken measures to regain public trust,such as strengthen university management and decision-making consultation research to promote communication between the university and the public,to revitalize the quality of undergraduate education by advocating attention to teaching;and to actively promote the return of morality and civic education;and finally,to promote fairness in higher education opportunities to regain public trust.It can provide us a reference to deal with the credibility issues after entering the higher education popularization stage.