学科演进视域下新工科建设制度困境与行动路径

Institutional Dilemma and Action Path of New Engineering Construction from the Perspective of Discipline Evolution

新工科是全球科技革命、国家重大战略及工程教育变革等因素历史交汇催生的工程教育新形态。新工科基本内涵与建构逻辑梳理、学科产生—组织—发展—范式等不同形态转换解析显示,新工科建设面临内部驱动与外部推力、权力博弈与制度规制、通才教育与专才教育、价值理性与工具理性等多重制度性困境与挑战。天津大学新工科建设方案(CCII)构建的"四融四合"和"六新"为基础的开放式与跨学科培养平台、以项目为核心的一体化教学与课程设计、全链条质量标准设计与评价反馈机制,是推进新工科建设体系设计与行动路径的有效探索。

New engineering is a new form of engineering education driven by the global scientific and technological revolution,the major strategic needs of the country and the transformation of engineering education paradigm.On the basis of combing the basic connotation and construction logic of new engineering,this paper analyzes the multiple development dilemmas and practical challenges faced by the construction of new engineering from the transformation of different forms such as subject generation,organization,development and paradigm,such as internal drive and external thrust,power game and system regulation,general education and professional education,value rationality and tool rationality.Further,based on the reform example of Coherent-Collaborative-Interdisciplinary-Innovation(CCII),this paper explores the system design and path selection to effectively promote the construction of China’s new engineering,that is,to build an open and interdisciplinary training platform based on"four in four"and"six in one",an integrated teaching and curriculum design with project as the core,and a quality standard design and evaluation feedback mechanism of the whole chain.