伍尔夫现代主义小说中的浪漫主义传统

The Romantic Tradition in Virginia Woolf’s Modernist Fiction

学界对伍尔夫现代主义小说的研究更多关注的是其裂变性和异质性,而忽略其“现代性”对浪漫主义传统的承继和创新。在小说本体论上,伍尔夫着重表现一种自然的真理、一种可然的或应然的内心世界的真实,侧重于呈现时时刻刻不断涌动的生命体验和藉此展现的生命意志。在小说美学形式上,伍尔夫通过选取“重要瞬间”的片段、时间的空间化和不在场缺席来实现情节的浓缩性。同时其作品中语言、视角和人物呈现的陌生化以及象征和隐喻的使用,折射出一种模糊诗学观。伍尔夫的诗学是对浪漫主义传统的发酵式继承,她将浪漫主义对个人经验和体验的重视上升到一种对生命本体意义的追问和对人类普遍生存体验及生命意志的关注,同时拓展了浪漫主义诗学语言的表现功能,将语言和存在结合起来,以诗化语言表现出对生活诗化的理解、把握和阐释以及对审美化人生的一种诉求。

Scholars tend to focus on the revolutionary qualities in Woolf’s fiction,while neglecting the romantic tradition underlying the modernity of her fiction.In terms of the novel ontology,Woolf gives emphasis to the expression of the natural truth and the truth of the inner world based on the laws of possibility and probability.Meanwhile,Woolf focuses on the presentation of the ongoing existential experiences and the will to live along with it.At the aesthetic level,Woolf condenses the plot by selecting the episodes of the important moments,the specialization of time and the creation of absence.The fuzzy poetics is reflected in the defamiliarization of language,perspectives and character presentation and the use of symbolism and metaphors.Woolf’s poetics is a kind of fermented inheritance of the romantic tradition.She expands romantic poetics by raising the personal existential experiences to the quest for the ontological meaning of existence,the concern for the universal existential experiences and the will to live.Meanwhile,Woolf further develops the expressive functions of languages and manages to use poetic language to give a poetic and aesthetic understanding and interpretation of life.