上海市闵行区白纹伊蚊的分布及种群密度变化趋势

Distribution and population density fluctuation of Aedes albopictus in Minhang district,Shanghai,China

目的掌握上海市闵行区白纹伊蚊的环境分布和密度变化,为科学防控登革热疫情提供理论依据。方法2018年5-10月在居民区、医院、学校等场所的幼蚊监测采用布雷图指数(BI)法和诱蚊诱卵器法,4-11月在居民区、农户和医院等场所的成蚊监测采用二氧化碳诱蚊灯法,观察不同季节白纹伊蚊的分布特点及种群密度变化。结果闵行区BI和诱蚊诱卵指数(MOI)均呈单峰趋势,BI 7月达峰值为17.82,MOI 8月达到峰值为13.50,2个指数均以学校及幼儿园最高(BI为17.57,MOI为11.84)。二氧化碳诱蚊灯法监测成蚊密度为单峰趋势,8月达峰值为2.40,以居民区密度最高为3.84只/灯。结论在登革热流行高峰期,应采用科学、有效的方法对白纹伊蚊成幼蚊进行综合监测,以监测数据为依据开展综合治理,有效防止本土病情的暴发。

Objective To grasp the environmental distribution and density fluctuation of Aedes albopictus in Minhang district,Shanghai,China,and to provide a reference for scientific prevention and control of dengue epidemic.Methods From May to October 2018,the Breteau index(BI)method and the mosquito ovitrap index(MOI)method were applied to monitor Ae.albopictus larvae in residential areas,hospitals,and schools,and from April to November 2018,the carbon dioxide trapping method was adopted to monitor adult Ae.albopictus in residential areas,rural households,and hospitals,in order to observe the distribution characteristics and population density fluctuation of Ae.albopictus in different seasons.Results Both BI and MOI in Minhang district showed a unimodal trend.BI peaked in July(peak value 17.82)and MOI peaked in August(peak value 13.50).Both indices were found highest in schools and kindergartens(BI:17.57;MOI:11.84).Adult Ae.albopictus density measured by the carbon dioxide trapping method showed a unimodal trend.The peak value(2.40)was observed in August,and the highest density(3.84)was found in residential areas.Conclusion During the peak period of dengue epidemic,scientific and effective methods should be adopted to monitor the density fluctuation of Ae.albopictus,and comprehensive control should be carried out based on the monitoring data to effectively prevent outbreak of dengue fever in the local area.