银川市3个区2016-2018年蚊虫监测分析

Results and analysis of mosquito density monitoring in three districts of Yinchuan,Ningxia,China,2016-2018

目的全面掌握和分析银川市兴庆、西夏和金凤3个区蚊密度及其季节消长规律,为制定有效的流行性乙型脑炎等虫媒传染病防治方案提供科学依据。方法按照《宁夏病媒生物监测实施方案》的要求,采用诱蚊灯法,于2016-2018年5-9月对银川市兴庆、西夏和金凤3个区的蚊密度进行监测、汇总并分析监测数据。结果共捕获蚊虫11690只,平均蚊密度为15.06只(/灯·夜),共2属3种,分别为淡色库蚊、中华按蚊和三带喙库蚊;淡色库蚊占捕获成蚊总数的87.01%,为优势蚊种,3个区的蚊密度为金凤区>西夏区>兴庆区。不同生境蚊密度为牲畜棚>农村民房>公园>医院>居民区。对2016-2018年逐月密度分析,蚊类在7和8月出现高峰。不同年份蚊种构成不同(χ^2=570.738,P<0.001)。结论银川蚊媒特点提示,应加大监测力度,更好地指导当地蚊媒控制工作。

Objective To comprehensively grasp and analyze the mosquito density and its seasonal fluctuation in Xingqing,Xixia,and Jinfeng districts of Yinchuan,Ningxia Hui autonomous region,China,to provide a scientific basis for the formulation of effective prevention and control programs for vector-borne diseases such as Japanese encephalitis.Methods In accordance with the requirements of the Ningxia Vector Surveillance Implementation Protocol,the lamp trapping method was used to monitor the mosquito density in Xingqing,Xixia,and Jinfeng districts of Yinchuan from May to September of each year from 2016 to 2018,and the surveillance data were collected and analyzed.Results In 2016-2018,a total of 11690 mosquitoes were captured in the three districts of Yinchuan,with a mean mosquito density of 15.06 mosquitoes/light·night,which belonged to 3 species,2 genera,i.e.,Culex pipiens pallens,Anopheles sinensis,and Cx.tritaeniorhynchus.Culex pipiens pallens accounted for 87.01% of the total number of adult mosquitoes captured,and was the dominant species.The mosquito density in the three districts were as follows:Jinfeng district>Xixia district>Xingqing district.The mosquito density in different habitats was as follows:livestock areas>rural houses>parks>hospitals>urban residential areas.According to the monthly density analysis from 2016 to 2018,the mosquito density peaked in July and August.The species composition of mosquitoes varied from year to year(χ^2=570.738,P<0.001).Conclusion The local mosquito characteristics implies the necessary to increase the surveillance efforts for facilitating better mosquito control program in Yinchuan,China.