学龄前儿童过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘的危险因素与生活质量分析

Risk factors and quality of life in preschool children with comorbid allergic rhinitis and asthma

目的探究学龄前儿童过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘的危险因素及其与生活质量的相关性。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,于2011年4~6月在上海市虹口区随机抽取11所幼儿园,幼儿园所有的儿童及其父母纳入为调查对象。采用儿童个人及家庭社会环境问卷、儿童生存质量测定量表(the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Models,PedsQL 4.0)评估儿童个人基本信息及生活质量。结果入组儿童共1789名,男生和秋冬季节出生的学龄前儿童过敏性鼻炎合并哮喘发生率较高(P<0.05)。与非过敏性鼻炎患儿相比,过敏性鼻炎患儿的总体生活质量较低(P<0.01)。在过敏性鼻炎患儿中,合并哮喘患儿的总体生活质量低于不合并哮喘患儿(P<0.05)。结论过敏性鼻炎降低儿童生活质量,合并哮喘进一步降低过敏性鼻炎患儿生活质量,医务人员应加强共同诊疗意识。

OBJECTIVE To explore the risk factors and quality of life of preschool children with comorbid allergic rhinitis(AR)and asthma(AS).METHODS Using stratified cluster sampling method,11 kindergartens were randomly selected in Hongkou District of Shanghai from April to June 2011.All children and their parents in kindergartens were included in the survey.Children's personal and family social environment questionnaires and the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory Measurement Models(PedsQL4.0)were used to assess children's basic personal information and quality of life.RESULTS A total of 1789 children were enrolled,compared with girls and children born in spring and summer,the incidence of comorbid AR and AS was higher in boys and preschoolers born in autumn and winter(P<0.05),respectively.The overall quality of life of AR children was lower than non-AR children(P<0.01).In children with AR,the overall quality of life of children with AS was lower than that of children without AS(P<0.05).CONCLUSION AR reduces children's quality of life,combined with AS further reduces the quality of life,medical staff should strengthen awareness of common diagnosis and treatment.