新冠肺炎预防方与《中医方剂大辞典》疫病预防方对比研究

A Comparative Study on COVID-19 Prevention Prescription and the Epidemic Disease Prevention Prescription in Chinese Medicine Prescription Dictionary

目的:比较新型冠状病毒肺炎预防方剂及《中医方剂大辞典》中收录的疫病预防方剂的用药规律,为中医药预防新型冠状病毒肺炎提供参考。方法:将新型冠状病毒肺炎预防方及《中医方剂大辞典》疫病预防方分别录入中医传承辅助平台(V2.5),采用频数统计、关联规则分析等方法对两类方剂的药物使用情况、性味、归经、组方规律等进行分析、对比。结果:搜集到新型冠状病毒肺炎预防方剂104首,使用排名前5位的药物依次为金银花、黄芪、甘草、藿香、防风。频次排名前20位的药物中,补虚类、温性、甘味及归肺经的药物频率最高,清热类、寒性、苦味及归脾经次之。将支持度设定为16,置信度设为0.6,进行组方分析,得出21个药物组合,排名前5位的组合依次为黄芪、防风,黄芪、白术,黄芪、甘草,金银花、黄芪,白术、防风。基于关联规则分析,得出30对关联药物,排名前5位的依次为白术、防风->黄芪,黄芪、白术->防风,白术、甘草、防风->黄芪,黄芪、甘草、防风->白术,防风->黄芪。搜集到《中医方剂大辞典》中预防疫病的方剂76首,使用排名前5位的药物依次为雄黄、苍术、细辛、甘草、朱砂。频次排名前20位的药物中,活血化瘀类、温性、辛味及归肝经的药物频率最高,攻毒杀虫止痒类、平性、苦味及归胃经次之。将支持度设定为11,置信度设为0.6,进行组方分析,得出4个药物组合,依次为朱砂、雄黄,雄黄、鬼箭羽,细辛、苍术,苍术、甘松。基于关联规则分析,得出3对关联药物,分别为朱砂->雄黄,鬼箭羽->雄黄,细辛->苍术。结论:基于数据挖掘技术进行对比性研究发现,古今预防疫病的原则、用药规律、预防手段等均有一定差异,建议汲取古今预防疫病方案之精华,为防控新型冠状病毒肺炎提供参考。

Objective:To compare corona virus disease 2019(COVID-19)prevention prescription and the medication laws of prescriptions for disease prevention included in the epidemic prevention prescriptions included in the Chinese Medicine Prescription Dictionary and so as to provide reference for the prevention of COVID-19 by traditional Chinese medicine.Method:The COVID-19 prevention prescription and the epidemic disease prevention prescription in the Chinese Medicine Prescription Dictionary were respectively recorded in the traditional Chinese medicine inheritance assistance platform(V2.5).Frequency statistics,association rule analysis and other methods were used to analyze and compare the drug usage,sexual taste,meridian tropism and prescription rules of the two prescriptions.Results:104 COVID-19 prevention prescriptions were collected,and the top five drugs were Jinyinhua(Honeysuckle bud and flower),Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root),Gancao(Liquorice root),Huoxiang(Cablin patchouli herb),and Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root).Among the drugs ranked in the top 20 in frequency,the drugs of tonifying deficiency,warming,sweet taste and lung meridian tropism have the highest frequency,followed by the drugs of clearing heat,cold,bitter taste and spleen meridian tropism.Setting the support degree to 16 and the confidence degree to 0.6,the composition analysis shows that 21 drug combinations are obtained,and the top five combinations are Huangqi(Milkvetch root)and Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root),Huangqi(Milkvetch root)and Baishu(Largehead atractylodes rhizome),Huangqi(Milkvetch root)and Gancao(Liquorice root),Jinyinhua(Honeysuckle bud and flower)and Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root),Baishu(Largehead atractylodes rhizome)and Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root)in sequence.Based on the analysis of association rules,30 pairs of associated drugs are obtained,and the top five drugs are Baishu(Largehead atractylodes rhizome),Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root)->Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root);Huangqi(Milkvetch root),Baishu(Largehead atractylodes rhizome)->Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root);Baishu(Dargehead atractylodes rhizome),Gancao(Liquorice root),Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root)->Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root),Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root),Gancao(Liquorice root),Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root)->Baishu(Largehead atractylodes rhizome);Fangfeng(Divaricate saposhnikovia root)->Huangqi(Cablin patchouli herbmilkvetch root).76 prescriptions for preventing epidemic diseases were collected from the Chinese Medicine Prescription Dictionary.The top five drugs used were Xionghuang(Realgar),Cangshu(Rhizoma Atractylodis),Xixin(Herba Asari),Gancao(Liquorice root)and Zhusha(Cinnabar).Among the drugs ranked in the top 20 in frequency,the drugs with the functions of promoting blood circulation and removing blood stasis,warming,pungent taste and liver meridian tropism have the highest frequency,and the drugs with the functions of attacking toxin,killing parasites and relieving itching,calming,bitter taste and stomach meridian tropism take the second place.Setting the support degree to 11 and the confidence degree to 0.6,the composition analysis shows that there are 4 drug combinations,namely Zhusha(Cinnabar)and Xionghuang(Realgar),Xionghuang(Realgar)and Guijianyu(Euonymus alatus),Xixin(Herba Asari)and Cangshu(Rhizoma Atractylodis),Cangshu(Rhizoma Atractylodis)and Gansong(Nardostachys root).Based on rule analysis,three pairs of related drugs were obtained,namely Zhusha(Cinnabar)->Xionghuang(Realgar),Guijianyu(Euonymus alatus)->Xionghuang(Realgar),Xixin(Herba Asari)->Cangshu(Rhizoma Atractylodis).Conclusion:A novel coronavirus based on data mining technology has been found that there are certain differences between ancient and modern prevention principles,rules of medication and preventive measures.It is suggested that we should learn from the essence of prevention and control of epidemic diseases in ancient and modern times,and provide reference for preventing and controlling COVID-19.