基于临床应用的杏仁配伍规律分析

Analysis on Compatibility Rule of Almond Based on Clinical Application

目的:归纳杏仁减毒配伍规律,为杏仁的安全、合理利用提供参考,发掘潜在的药对组合,促进杏仁的开发利用。方法:检索2012-2018年中国知网中关于组方中含有杏仁或苦杏仁的临床研究文献,纳入141篇文献,筛选出152首方剂。运用Excel 2013、Clementine 12.0及IBM SPSS Statistics 23为统计工具,对筛选出的方剂进行统计处理及关联规则及因子分析。分析中药的性味归经、核心药物组合、关联规则及高频药物因子分析等方面的特点。结果:152首方剂中,累计出现频数最高的前3位中药分别是杏仁(152次,100%),甘草(107次,70.4%),麻黄(78次,51.3%)。频率≥20次的中药药味统计结果为辛(11次,52.4%)、苦(11次,52.4%)、甘(7次,33.3%)。药性主要集中在温(10次,47.6%)。药物归经以归肺经(19次,90.5%)、脾经(10次,47.6%)、胃经(7次,33.3%)等为主。对方剂进行关联规则分析,共计得到含杏仁核心药对组合20个。因子分析中提取8个公因子。结论:杏仁为止咳平喘要药,具有降气止咳平喘、润肠通便之效,因此临床上常用于治疗呼吸系统疾病与消化系统疾病,常与甘草、麻黄、黄芩等配伍使用。

Objective:To summarize the rule of attenuated compatibility of Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum),provide reference for safe and reasonable utilization of Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum),explore potential drug combination,and promote the development and utilization of Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum).Method:The clinical research literature on Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)or bitter Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)contained in prescriptions in CNKI from 2018 to 2012 was searched,141 literatures were included,and 152 prescriptions were selected.Using Excel 2013,Clementine12.0 and IBM SPSS Statistics 23 as statistical tools,the selected prescriptions were statistically processed and analyzed for association rules and factors.This paper analyzes the characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine in the prescription in aspects of sexual taste,meridian tropism,core drug combination,association rules and high-frequency drug factor analysis.Result:Among all 152 prescriptions,the top three herbs with the highest cumulative frequency were Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)(152 times,100%),Gancao(liquorice)(107 times,70.4%),Mahuang(Ephedra)(78 times,51.3%).The statistical results of Chinese medicine with frequency≥20 were Xin(11 times,52.4%),Ku(11 times,52.4%),Gan(7 times,33.3%).The drug resistance was mainly concentrated in temperature(10 times,47.6%).The analysis results of drug meridian tropism are lung meridian tropism(19 times,90.5%),spleen meridian tropism(10 times,47.6%),stomach meridian tropism(7 times,33.3%),etc.After analyzing the association rules of the prescription,a total of 20 combinations containing Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)core drug pairs were obtained.Eight common factors were extracted from factor analysis.Conclusion:Xingren(Semen Armeniacae Amarum)is an important medicine for relieving cough and asthma.It has the effects of reducing qi,relieving cough and asthma,and relaxing bowels.Therefore,it is commonly used in clinical treatment of respiratory system diseases and digestive system diseases,and is often combined with Gancao(licorice),Mahuang(ephedra),Huangqin(scutellaria baicalensis),etc.