八段锦锻炼缓解大学生脑力疲劳的干预研究

Intervention research of Baduanjin exercise in relieving college students with mental fatigue

目的 探讨八段锦锻炼缓解大学生脑力疲劳的干预效果.方法 选取2019年5~8月进行八段锦干预脑力疲劳试验的北京中医药大学医学相关专业本科生66名,采用随机数字表法将其分为干预组(33名)和对照组(33名).干预组于考试前8周开始,每天清晨练习八段锦30 min,期间历经1周期末考试,直到考试结束,共干预9周;对照组无任何干预措施.观察两组受试对象考试前8周和考试后的闪光临界融合频率、疲劳量表(FS-14)评分、职业倦怠量表评分及记忆广度测试数字.结果 对照组考试后的成就感低落维度得分低于考试前8周、记忆广度测试数字多于考试前8周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预组考试后的FS-14疲劳总分、FS-14脑力疲劳得分、情绪衰竭维度得分和成就感低落维度得分均低于考试前8周,记忆广度测试数字多于考试前8周,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).干预组考试后的FS-14疲劳总分、情绪衰竭维度得分均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论 坚持练习八段锦对于缓解大学生脑力疲劳效果良好,可为大学生提供一种高效、简便的方式缓解期末考试及学业压力引起的脑力疲劳.

Objective To explore intervention effect of Baduanjin exercise in relieving college students with mental fatigue.Methods Sixty-six undergraduates majoring in medicine of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine were selected from May to August 2019 to participate in Baduanjin mental fatigue intervention experiment,and divided into intervention group(33 cases)and control group(33 cases)by random number table method.Intervention group began 8 weeks before the test and practiced 8 segments of brocade for 30 minutes in the morning every day.During the period,the final exam lasted for one week until the end of the exam,and the intervention lasted for 9 weeks.There was no intervention in control group.The subjects′flash critical fusion frequency,fatigue scale(FS-14),job burnout scale and memory span were observed 8 weeks before and after test.Results In control group,the scores of the dimension of low achieve ment after test were lower than those 8 weeks before test,and the number of memory span test was higher than that8 weeks before test,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).After test,total scores of FS-14 fatigue,FS-14 mental fatigue,emotional exhaustion dimension and low achievement dimension in intervention group were lower than those 8 weeks before test,and the number of memory span test was more than that 8 weeks before test,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Total scores of FS-14 fatigue and emotional exhaustion dimension in intervention group were lower than those in control group,the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Persistent practice of Baduanjin has a good effect on alleviating mental fatigue of college students,which can provide college students an efficient and easy way to relieve mental fatigue caused by final exams and academic stress.