乡村文化景观综合分析框架的建立和应用探索——以苏州东山镇“猛将堂”为例

A Comprehensive Analysis Framework of Cultural Landscape and Its Application——A Case Study of Mengjiang Temples in Dongshan Town,Suzhou

文化地理学的景观研究需要与其他学科有区分。以诺顿(William Norton)梳理的文化景观研究"六时期/六主题"为基点,借苏州东山镇猛将堂的案例,力图证明两个论点:第一,以诺顿"六时期/六主题"为基点,创建的文化景观研究综合分析框架具有地理学分析视角,它有助于判断人们对文化景观的认同具有哪些区域属性;第二,分析框架可以让人们更为清楚地判断,针对某文化景观人们会采取何种空间安置立场。论据来自文献资料和实地的调查。结论是:第一,对东山猛将堂的研究证明,以诺顿"六时期/六主题"为基点,创建的综合分析框架是可应用的,且在辨识景观空间和区域特征上与其他学科有明显区别。第二,只有从六个维度综合景观的乡土记忆角度出发,才能判断不同人在进行与该景观相关的空间决策时会有不同表现,进而判断不同人在地方文化延续中的作用。

Landscape studies in cultural geography need to be distinguished from other disciplines.Based on the"six periods/six themes"of cultural landscape research in William Norton’s book,this paper attempts to prove two arguments by using a case study of Mengjiang Temples in the Dongshan Town of Suzhou.Firstly,based on"six periods/six themes",we make a comprehensive analysis framework of cultural landscape.Its geographical perspective can help people to think why and how we identify a cultural landscape.Secondly,the analysis framework can help people to make a spatial decision on a cultural landscape more clearly.The evidences supporting the arguments in this paper are from literatures and field surveys done by authors.The conclusions of this paper are as follows.First,this case study of Mengjiang Temple proves that this comprehensive analysis framework is applicable.It distinguishes itself from other disciplines by spatial and regional view angles.Second,Only by comprehensively analyzing the memory of a rural landscape from’six themes’,we judge how different people will behave when they make spatial decisions related to the landscape,and then judge the role of different people in in the keeping and creating of local culture.