大熊猫国家公园白水江片区珍稀濒危植物资源调查--以白水江国家级自然保护区为例

Investigation on Rare and Endangered Plant Resources in Baishuijiang Area of Giant Panda National Park,a Case of Baishuijiang National Nature Reserve

为保护大熊猫国家公园白水江国家级自然保护区的物种多样性和生态平衡,在实地调查和查阅相关文献资料的基础上,对白水江国家级自然保护区的珍稀濒危植物资源进行了调查分析。结果表明,该保护区共有珍稀濒危植物41科66属75种。在此次调查的75种珍稀濒危植物中,被《国家重点保护植物名录》(第一批)收录的Ⅰ级重点保护植物有9种、Ⅱ级重点保护植物38种;被《中国生物多样性红色名录》(高等植物卷)收录的种类有极危种6种、濒危种5种、易危种15种、近危种6种,另有《IUCN濒危物种红色名录》14种;在这75种植物中,红豆杉Taxus chinensis(Pilger.) Rehd.、南方红豆杉Taxus Wallichiana Zucc. var. mairei (Lemee&H. Lev.) L. K. Fu&Nan Li、天麻Gastrodia elata Blume.、桃儿七Sinopodophyllum hexandrum(Royle) Ying被列为濒危动植物种国际贸易公约(CITES)名录附录Ⅱ物种,水青树Tetracentron sinense Oliv.、水曲柳Fraxinus mandshurica Rupr.为附录Ⅲ物种;该地的珍稀濒危植物区系较为复杂,共有10种分布区类型,属以温带成分为主,共24属;植物多为古老的残遗种,且中国特有成分占较大比例,以单型属为主。白水江保护区分布的珍稀濒危植物种类多,区系分布广,中国特有属的濒危度较高,急需采取抢救性保护措施。

Protect to species diversity and ecological balance in Baishuijiang area of Giant Panda National Park.On the basis of field investigation and literature review,the rare and endangered plant resources in this area were analyzed.The showed that there were 75 species of rare and endangered plants from 41 families,66 genera in Baishuijiang area.In the survey of 75 species of rare and endangered plants,was the National Key Protected Plants List of(First Batch),includedⅠlevel eight key protected plants,Ⅱkey protection plant 38.There were 6 critically endangered species,5 endangered species,15 vulnerable species and 6 near threatened species listed in the Red List of China's Biodiversity(Volume of Higher Plants),and 14 endangered species listed in the Red List of IUCN.In the 75 kinds of plants,Taxus chinensis,Taxus Wallichiana var.mairei,Gastrodia elata,and Sinopodophyllum hexandrum was Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora(CITES)List of appendixⅡspecies,Tetracentron sinense and Fraxinus mandshurica as the appendixⅢspecies.The flora of rare and endangered plants in this area was relatively complex,and there were 10 species in total,24 genera were dominated by temperate constituents.Most of the plants were ancient relic species,and the unique components of China account for a large proportion.There were many rare and endangered plants in Baishuijiang area,and the flora was widely distributed.