重型运载火箭结构材料选材方案研究与启示

Research and enlightenment of structural materials choice for the heavy launch vehicle

重型运载火箭是可预见时期内我国运载能力最大的火箭,其规模和技术难度远远超过现役火箭,将在很长一段时间影响我国的基础工业和科技水平。从当前的设计方案来看,十米级的主结构对于材料的选用提出了巨大的挑战。作者以重型运载火箭结构材料为例,系统梳理国内外现役火箭结构材料的应用现状,提出了重型运载火箭结构材料的选用原则和重型运载火箭结构主干材料的初步选用方案,为后续箭体结构用新材料的研制与应用研究以及运载火箭结构材料的更新换代提供支撑。

The heavy launch vehicle is the rocket with the highest loading capability in China for the foreseeable future,its size and technological level far outstrips the rockets on active duty nowadays and will have a big influence on the basic industries and science&technology level in China in the long term.From the present design scheme of the heavy launch vehicle,the choosing of the right material is a big challenge because of the 10-meter-diameter main structure.In this article,the heavy launch vehicle was taken as an example to systematically untangle the applying situation of the structural materials of the launch vehicle on active duty in China and abroad,and the basic principles of how to choose the structural materials and the preliminary selection schemes for the main structural material were put forward to provide strong support to the research,development and application of new structural materials of the launch vehicle body,as well as the upgrades of launch vehicle structural materials.