中国古建彩画中血料氨基酸组成的线性判别分析及其应用研究

LDA of amino acid composition of blood glue used in Chinese ancient architectural color paintings and its application

血料是古代建筑彩画中常用的地仗胶料。为了准确分析出古建彩画中残留的胶料种类,该文使用气相色谱质谱联用法(GC-MS)分析了血料参考样品的氨基酸组成,并与其他常用胶料进行比较,发现血料中不含羟脯氨酸,且呈现谷氨酸/丙氨酸的比值较低,丝氨酸/脯氨酸的比值较高的特点。使用线性判别分析(LDA)拟合并验证了可用于彩画胶料种类判别的稳定函数。将该函数应用在两件颐和园仁寿殿上架彩画样品胶料的分析中,发现文物样品胶料的氨基酸组成兼具血料和皮胶的特征。得出了使用该模型可以实现血料的成功判别,以及颐和园彩画样品的颜料层胶料为皮胶且流失严重,其中血料是因下层地仗胶料的混入导致的结论。

Blood glue is commonly used in ancient architectural color painting.To identify the kinds of glue in color paintings accurately,the amino acids composition of blood glue reference samples were determined by GC-MS.Comparing with other glue reference samples,it was found that the blood glue did not contain hydroxyproline,the ratio of glutamic acid to alanine was low,and the ratio of serine to proline was high.The linear discriminant analysis(LDA)is used to fit the stable functions that can be used to distinguish the types of color painting glue.These functions were applied to the analysis of two painting samples from Renshou Hall of the Summer Palace.It was found that the amino acid composition of the samples had the characteristics of both blood and leather glue.Based on the above analysis,it was concluded that the mathematical model can be used to successfully distinguish the blood glue,and the pigments layer glue of the relics samples was leather glue and the loss of which is serious.The presence of blood glue was from the base material in the lower layer.