3~4岁幼儿创造性人格与气质的交叉滞后分析

The Relationship between 3~4-Year-Old Children’s Creative Personality and Temperament:A Cross-Lagged Regression Analysis

以幼儿创造性人格倾向教师评定问卷、儿童气质教师评定问卷作为研究工具,对287名3岁和4岁幼儿进行为期一年的追踪研究,考察幼儿气质与创造性人格的发展变化情况,以及幼儿气质与其创造性人格之间的关系。结果发现:随着时间的发展,3、4岁幼儿气质对其创造性人格有显著影响。幼儿的情绪性、活动性、反应性及专注性均能够显著正向预测其创造性人格,而幼儿的社会抑制性则能够显著负向预测其创造性人格。

With the development of science and technology,our life has become easier than ever before.However,the world has become more complex,and our life has become more difficult than ever before as well.The complexity of life is increasing,and the information technology is developing,so we also have more opportunities than before.All these means that creativity is becoming more and more important for human development.Creativity is a psychological trait possessed by all normal individuals.It is considered to be the ability to promote economic growth and social reform at a macro level.Creativity is an indispensable comprehensive ability for individual development and social progress.Creative personality is a kind of relatively stable and integrated personality trait displayed in the process of creative activities.It can effectively promote and protect the development of individual creativity.Temperament is a relatively unique inherent mode of individual’s response to the environment,which mainly depends on the genetic inheritance of the individual.It is a very important subclass of personality traits and plays an important role in the formation of creative personality in young children.Temperament can make individuals’mental activities different from others and have their own uniqueness.At present,most studies on children’s creative personality focus on the structure and types of children’s creative personality,as well as their development stages and characteristics,while the research on the influencing factors of creative personality is relatively less.In all stages of life,early childhood is a particularly critical stage,and early childhood is an important period of creative development.Different temperament structure has an important influence on children’s creative personality.However,there is no empirical research on the relationship between temperament and creative personality in the past.In this research,we examined the development of children’s temperament and creative personality,as well as the correlation and causality between temperament and creative personality.We selected 2873-year-olds and 4-year-olds from four different kindergartens in Dalian.Their teachers filled out the Children’s Creative Personality Tendency Questionnaire and Creative Personality Questionnaire.The results indicated as follows:(1)Correlation analysis results indicated that the creative personality was significantly and positively related to the emotionality(r1=.217,r2=.194,p<.01),activity(r1=.261,r2=.200,p<.01),reactivity(r1=.558,r2=.375,p<.01)and concentration(r1=.280,r2=.333,p<.01).The creative personality was significantly and negatively related to the social inhibition(r1=-.177,r2=-.139,p<.01).(2)Cross-lagged regression results indicated that children’s Time 1 emotion(β=.097,p<.01),activity(β=.047,p<.01),reaction(β=.359,p<.01)and concentration(β=.153,p<.01)could significantly and positively predict children’s Time 2 creative personality,while children’s Time 1 social inhibition(β=-.091,p<.01)could significantly and negatively predict children’s Time 2 creative personality.The results of this study show that there is not only a correlation but also causal relationship between the temperament and creative personality.Therefore,in the early childhood stage,we can cultivate their creative personality according to their different temperament characteristics.