血小板衍生生长因子D及其在癌症中的作用

Platelet-derived growth factor D and its role in cancer

血小板衍生生长因子D(platelet-derived growth factor D, PDGFD)在胚胎发育、细胞增殖、细胞迁移、侵袭、血管形成等过程中起重要的作用。PDGFD在细胞中合成后以"潜在"形式分泌到细胞外,经胞外蛋白水解酶加工除去N端CUB(complement subcomponents C1r/C1s, urchin EGF-like protein andbonemarrowprotein1)结构域并释放出成熟的生长因子以发挥其生物学功能。PDGFD/血小板衍生生长因子受体β(platelet-derived growth factor receptorβ, PDGFRβ)信号参与调控心血管疾病、纤维化疾病、眼部疾病以及癌症的发生发展等多种疾病。PDGFD目前已被检测到在多种癌症细胞中表达上调,以PDGFD/PDGFRβ信号为靶点研究癌症的发生机理,有助于新药物的研究,对癌症的治疗有重要意义。本文系统综述了PDGFD在前列腺癌、乳腺癌等癌症中的作用,并对今后的研究方向进行了展望。

Platelet-derived growth factor D(PDGFD)plays an important role in embryonic development,cell proliferation,cell migration,invasion,and angiogenesis.PDGFD is secreted(in a“latent”form after synthesis in cells)to the outside of the cell,the N-terminal CUB domain is removed by extracellular proteolytic enzyme processing and mature growth factors are released to exert its biological functions.PDGFD/PDGFRβsignals are involved in the regulation of cardiovascular diseases,fibrotic diseases,eye diseases,and the occurrence and development of cancers.PDGFD has been detected to be upregulated in a variety of cancer cells.Using PDGFD/PDGFRβsignals as targets to study the pathogenesis of cancer is helpful for the research of new drugs and has great significance for cancer treatment.This review illustrated the role of PDGFD in prostate cancer,breast cancer and other cancers.