γ-氨基丁酸对植物生长发育和抗逆性的调节作用

Regulation of γ-aminobutyric acid on plant growth and development and stress resistance

植物生长发育和抗性反应受多种因素的调节。γ-氨基丁酸(GABA)是一种普遍存在于动物、植物和微生物体内的非蛋白质游离氨基酸,在植物生长发育和抗性反应中发挥着重要作用,已成为近些年来的研究热点。本文系统综述了GABA在植物体内的合成和代谢途径、在组织器官中的分布、对生长发育和抗逆性的调节作用;重点阐述了GABA对植物根、茎、叶、花、果实生长发育的作用,以及在抗逆反应中GABA与植物激素之间的相互作用;指出了研究中存在的问题,并对未来的研究方向和重点科学问题提出了建议,以期为植物科学领域与GABA相关的研究提供参考。

Plant growth and development and resistance responses are regulated by a variety of factors. γ-aminobutyric acid(GABA) is a non-protein free amino acid commonly found in animals, plants and microorganisms. It plays an important role in plant growth and development and resistance, and has become a research hotspot in recent years. The paper systematically reviews the synthesis and metabolic pathways of GABA in plants, its distribution in tissues and organs, and its regulation of growth and development and stress resistance. The effects of GABA on the growth and development of plant roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits were also highlighted, as well as the interaction between GABA and phytohormone in the stress response. It also points out the problems in the research and puts forward suggestions for future research directions and key scientific issues. It would provide reference for the research related to GABA in the field of plant science.