一氧化氮在植物抗病反应中的作用机制

Mechanism of nitric oxide in plant response and resistance to disease

一氧化氮(NO)是植物细胞中普遍存在的气体小分子,在植物抗病防御反应中作为关键信号分子起作用。植物细胞中, NO依赖精氨酸和亚硝酸盐的代谢途径产生,该途径被认为是NO的主要来源。NO分子可以通过蛋白质翻译后修饰如半胱氨酸亚硝基化和酪氨酸硝基化等发挥作用;作为信号物质, NO还能够调节植物抗性相关基因的表达,激活植物抗病防御反应。本文综合最新研究进展,总结了植物抗病防御反应过程中NO合成的关键途径、NO下游信号转导及其与其他信号分子之间互作的分子机制,为进一步研究植物抗病机制提供参考。

Nitric oxide(NO) is a ubiquitous small gaseous molecule in plant cells, which acts as a key signal molecule in plant defense against pathogenic disease. The production of NO in plant cells depends on the metabolic pathway of arginine and nitrite, which is considered to be the main source of NO production. NO can play a role through protein post-translational modifications such as cysteine S-nitrosylation and tyrosine nitration. As a signal molecule, NO can also regulate the expression of plant resistance-related genes, thus activating plant resistance defense response to disease. This paper summarizes the progress on the molecular mechanism of key pathways of NO synthesis, downstream signal transduction and its interaction with other signal molecules, and provides reference for further study on plant disease resistance.