植物籽粒建成的调控与细胞分裂素

Regulation of plant seed formation and cytokinin

具有不同遗传起源、独特功能及发育途径的种皮、胚乳与胚三部分组成的籽粒(种子)既是高等植物有性繁殖的重要器官,又是人类与动物的必需食物来源。在国内当前人口背景下,影响植物单产水平的籽粒建成问题值得关注。为此首先综述了植物籽粒建成的分子调控机制与源-库互作调控及相应的碳氮代谢机制,其次分析了籽粒建成机制与细胞分裂素的关联性,并阐释了细胞分裂素在植物籽粒建成中的研究利用价值。以期为今后深入研究高效安全的细胞分裂素类植物生长调节剂对植物籽粒建成的调控规律与机理,进而为在一定程度上合理应用该类植物生长调节剂并促进粮食产量增加提供参考。

Seeds are composed of seed coat, endosperm and embryo, and these three parts usually have different genetic origins, unique functions and developmental pathways. Seeds are important sexual reproductive organs of higher plants and essential food sources for human and animals. Based on the current population situation of China, the issue of seed formation effecting the yield per unit area is worthy of attention. For this reason, we first reviewed the molecular regulation of seed formation, its source-sink interaction regulation and corresponding carbon-nitrogen metabolism mechanism. Secondly, the relationship between cytokinin and the regulatory mechanism of seed formation was analyzed, and the value of research utilization of cytokinin in seed formation was expounded. This will guide researchers to utilize the efficient and safe cytokinin-like growth regulators to deeply study their regulatory mechanisms on plant seed formation in the future. Then it will lay a foundation for the rational application of cytokinin-like growth regulators and promoting the food production.