我国儿童青少年睡眠不足与肥胖的关联性研究

A study on the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity among children and adolescents in China

目的分析我国9~18岁汉族儿童青少年睡眠不足与肥胖和中心性肥胖的关系。方法选取参加2014年全国学生体质与健康调研的睡眠时间和体格检查资料完整的172710名学生作为研究对象。根据美国睡眠医学学会推荐睡眠量判定睡眠不足,依照中国肥胖问题工作组和我国卫生行业标准判定儿童青少年肥胖和中心性肥胖。采用t检验或χ2检验比较组间差异。采用logistic回归分析睡眠不足与肥胖和中心性肥胖的关系。结果2014年我国9~18岁汉族儿童青少年睡眠不足人数为133410人(77.2%),肥胖学生有11145人(6.5%),中心性肥胖检出人数为12603人(17.8%)。睡眠不足学生中肥胖者有8358人(6.3%),中心性肥胖者有12244人(17.9%)。睡眠不足者中肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率男生高于女生。小学生睡眠不足肥胖和中心性肥胖检出率最高。控制潜在的混杂因素后,与睡眠充足组学生相比,睡眠不足组学生发生肥胖的风险增加14.5%(OR=1.145,95%CI:1.092~1.200),发生中心性肥胖的风险增加12.7%(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.078~1.178)。与每日睡眠时间<6 h者相比,每天睡眠时间7~10 h可明显降低学生肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险。结论睡眠不足可显著增加儿童青少年肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险,保障学生每日7~10 h的充足睡眠可降低肥胖和中心性肥胖的发生风险。

Objective To analyze the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity or central obesity in Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 9-18 years.Methods A total of 172710 students who participated in the 2014 Chinese National Survey on Students Constitution and Health with complete data of sleep duration and physical examination,were selected as study subjects.Insufficient sleep was defined,according to the amount of sleep for pediatric populations recommended by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine.Obesity and central obesity of children and adolescents were judged by experts from the Group of China Obesity Task Force and Health Industry Standards in China.Differences between groups were compared by using the t test orχ2 test.Logistic regression method was applied to assess the relationship between insufficient sleep and obesity or central obesity.Results In 2014,numbers of students with insufficient sleep,obesity and central obesity among Chinese Han children and adolescents aged 9-18 years appeared as 133410(77.2%),11145(6.5%),and 12603(17.8%),respectively.Among the students with insufficient sleep,8358(6.3%)were with obesity and 12244(17.9%)were with central obesity.The prevalence of obesity and central obesity among boys with insufficient sleep was higher than that in girls.Pupils with insufficient sleep showed the highest prevalence of obesity and central obesity.After controlling for potential confounders,the risk of obesity appeared an increase of 14.5%(OR=1.145,95%CI:1.092-1.200)and the risk of central obesity increased by 12.7%(OR=1.127,95%CI:1.078-1.178)in students with insufficient sleep,when compared with those with adequate sleep.Compared with those whose daily sleep duration was less than 6 hours,the ones who slept 7-10 hours per day showed significantly reduction on the risk of obesity and central obesity in students.Conclusions Insufficient sleep significantly increase the risk of obesity and central obesity in children and adolescents while adequate sleep of 7-10 hours per day would reduce the risk of obesity and central obesity in students.