2009-2018年上海市蟑螂种群密度时空变化分析

Analysis on spatiotemporal patterns of the population density of cockroaches in Shanghai

目的掌握上海市蟑螂种群密度时空变化规律,为制定科学、合理的防治措施提供科学依据。方法采用粘捕法进行监测。收集整理2009-2018年上海市蟑螂监测数据,比较分析蟑螂种类构成比、不同年份、不同环境类型蟑螂密度变化规律。结果 2009-2018年共捕获蟑螂58 775只,其中德国小蠊57 309只,占97.51%,为主要优势种群;上海市蟑螂年均密度消长曲线基本呈现单峰型,其中2009年、2013年的高峰期为6月,2010年、2011年、2012年、2014年和2016年最高峰值在7月,2015年、2017年、2018年高峰期为8月。不同监测年份间的蟑螂年均密度差异有统计学意义(F=13.940,P<0.05)。不同生境蟑螂密度依次为:农贸市场>饮食店>宾馆>医院>居民区,不同场所间的蟑螂密度差异有统计学意义(F=54.414,P<0.05)。结论德国小蠊是上海市绝对优势种群,应继续加强蟑螂监测,制定科学有效的防控方案,提升蟑螂防控效果,降低其对居民生活的危害。

Objective To analyze the spatiotemporal patterns of the population density of cockroaches in Shanghai,and to provide the scientific basis for cockroach control.Methods Sticky paper was used to trap cockroaches in the surveillance.The surveillance data of cockroaches were collect and sort out in Shanghai from 2009 to 2018,and the composition ratio of cockroaches,the density change of cockroaches in different years and environments were compared and analyzed.Results A total of 58775 cockroaches were captured from 2009 to 2018,and the dominant species was Blattella germanica(97.51%).The annual average density curves of cockroaches in Shanghai basically showed a single peak type.The density peaks were in June in the years of 2009 and 2013,in July in the year of 2010,2011,2012,2014 and 2016,and in August in the year of 2015,2017 and 2018.There was significant difference between different years by one-way ANOVA(F=13.940,P<0.05).The highest cockroach density appeared in farmers markets followed by catering services,hotels,hospitals and residential area.There was also significant difference between different surveillance areas by one-way ANOVA(F=54.414,P<0.05).Conclusion B.germanica is the dominant species in Shanghai.It is necessary to strengthen cockroach surveillance and make a comprehensive way to reduce the density of cockroaches effectively for people’s health.