安吉上马山汉代江东类型原始瓷工艺研究

Study on the Technology of Jiangdong Type high fired glazed ceramics from Han Dynasty Found in Shangmashan Site,Anji County

安吉上马山汉代土墩墓墓群出土众多江东类型高温釉原始瓷器,SEM-EDS (能谱-扫描电镜)分析显示,其中部分样品的胎体外表面施有含钾、铁含量较高的红色层,可能是化妆土的前身,并且在红色层之上还局部施有钙釉。经过与江西地区早商以来一些遗物在外貌以及陶衣成分上的对比,发现上马山的这些原始瓷也许在源流上与江西地区的早期窑业有关。而当东汉末年,越地传统单层高温钙釉器物逐渐兴起,并发展成为最早的成熟青瓷,这种化妆土技术便于越地消失了。

Many Jiangdong types of glaze wares were unearthed from the Anji Shangmashan tombs.SEM-EDS(elec-tron microscopy)analysis suggested that some of them had a layer of red decorative slip containing high potassium and iron content under the high-fired calcium glaze,which might be a kind of engobe.After comparison with some ceramic relics excavated from the Jiangxi area,it could be speculated that the proto-porcelain from Shang-mashan might be related closely to the early kiln industry in Jiangxi.At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty,the traditional single-layer high-fired calcium glaze was developed again and the earliest mature celadon came into being.This kind of vessels with red decorative slip gradually disappeared.