明清时期太平府圩田兴修与发展

The Development of the Farmlands in the Tai Ping County during the Ming and Qing Dynasties

明清时期的太平府即今天的当涂、芜湖、繁昌三县。本区圩田的发展源远流长,早在东吴就已经开发,宋代达到第一个高峰,明清时期得到进一步的发展。明清时期太平府地区圩田的发展有其自然因素,如气候温暖湿润、湖泊广布等;也有社会经济因素,如人地矛盾的激化、税银的征派、商业的繁荣等。明清圩田呈现出数量大增、联圩并岸、圩田水利系统化、洲渚圩田大发展等特点。圩田的发展对当地农业发展起了巨大的促进作用,但过度的开发也对当地生态环境造成明显的破坏。

During the Ming and Qing Dynasties,there were both nature factors and socio-economic factors which had significant impact on the development of the farmlands in the Tai Ping County.The farmlands showed the features of largely increasing,combination with other fields and shores,systematization of water conservation in farmlands and great development with continents.The development of farmlands had a huge promotion to the local agricultural,but unreasonable exploitation also caused obvious damage to the local ecological environment.