添加生物炭与菌肥的复合基质对元宝枫幼苗生长的影响

Effects of Adding Compound Substrates with Biochar and Bacterial Fertilizer on the Growth of Acer truncatum Seedlings

为探讨添加不同用量生物炭与菌肥的复合基质对元宝枫幼苗生长的影响,获得元宝枫育苗最优基质,以1年生元宝枫幼苗为试验对象,采用盆栽试验,分别设置生物炭、菌肥0、10、20、30 g/盆4个梯度,共16个处理,采用完全随机试验设计,测定不同复合基质的理化性质及元宝枫幼苗生长量、生物量、叶绿素含量、根系形态指标,并对幼苗各生长指标进行主成分分析,筛选出元宝枫幼苗生长综合评价指标,计算出苗木综合评价指数,探讨最优基质。结果表明:生物炭、菌肥单施或配施均能降低基质容重,提高基质总孔隙度,降低基质酸性,生物炭与菌肥配施处理显著提高了育苗基质养分含量。不同复合基质元宝枫幼苗各生长指标有4个特征值大于1的主成分,累计贡献率达88.048%,分析获得的苗木综合评价指标分别是总根表面积、根平均直径、叶面积、茎鲜质量。常规基质+20g生物炭+30g菌肥苗木综合评价指数最大,常规基质+30g生物炭+30 g菌肥次之,分别为0.819、0.602。

In order to investigate the effect of compound substrates with different amounts levels of biochar and bacterial fertilizer on the growth of Acer truncatum seedlings,and to obtain the optimal substrate for the seedling cultivation of A.truncatum.Through pot experiment,taking the annual A.truncatum seedling as the test plant object,16 treatments with 4 doses(0,10,20 g/pot,and 30 g/pot)of biochar and bacterial fertilizer were designed for this study.A complete randomized design was adopted to determine physical and chemical properties of different composite substrates and growth,biomass,chlorophyll content,root morphological indicators of A.truncatum.The growth indexes of seedlings were analyzed with principal component analysis,the comprehensive evaluation indexes of seedling growth were screened,and the study on optimal substrate based on the comprehensive evaluation indexes of seedlings.It was found that single application or combined application of biochar and bacterial fertilizer can reduce the bulk density and increase the total porosity of the substrate and reduce the acidity of the substrate.The combined application of biochar and bacterial fertilizer significantly increased the nutrient content of the substrate for nursery.The growth index of A.truncatum seedlings in different composite substrates showed that there were 4 principal components with eigenvalues greater than 1,and the cumulative contribution rate reached 88.048%.The comprehensive evaluation indicators of seedlings obtained from the analysis were total leaf area,fresh stem weight,root surface area and root average diameter.The comprehensive evaluation index of the compound substrate(conventional substrate+20 g biochar+30 g bacterial fertilizer)was the highest,followed by the compound substrate(conventional substrate+30 g biochar+30 g bacterial fertilizer),which were 0.819 and 0.602,respectively.