中国文化词“侠”之英译研究

A Study of the English Translation of China s Xia

"侠"是中国历史上真实存在的一群人,是一个典型的中国文化词,有关"侠"文化近年来开始在英语世界传播。探讨中国文化词"侠"的英译,首先就要追究"侠"的起源及文化内涵,比较中国侠义精神与西方骑士精神的异同,并结合历史语境与文本语境分析不同译法的优劣。虽然"侠"没有一成不变的译法,但是学者和译者更倾向于归化译法,而通过异化音译"侠",应该说是起步晚、步幅小。回顾"侠"的英译,可以为中国文化词的翻译提供借鉴,助力中国文学外译和中华文化"走出去"。

In recent years,China s chivalrous culture has begun to spread in the English world,and xia is actually a group of people in Chinese history.To explore the English translation of xia,we first investigate its origin and cultural connotations,compare the similarities and differences between China s chivalrous spirit and the Western knighthood,and then analyze the advantages and disadvantages of different translations in the light of historical and textual contexts.Although there is no fixed translation of xia,scholars and translators prefer domestication,while transliterating xia through foreignization should be said to start late and not make much progress.Reviewing the English translations of xia can contribute to the translation of Chinese cultural words,and help the translation of Chinese literature and the going global of the Chinese culture.